Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Ix.--the Story of the War Between Inkum and Enfitop., sentence 51
They fought for the greater part of the day, until at last the Inkum men were beaten, many having been killed and wounded.
Who acts: arrows · What happens: fight, beat, kill, wound · To what, where: Inkum men, last, many
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Ix.--the Story of the War Between Inkum and Enfitop.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (arrows), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | They | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 fought | nsubj |
| 2 | fought | fight | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | for | for | ADP | _ | 6 part | case |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 part | det |
| 5 | greater | great | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 6 part | amod |
| 6 | part | part | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 fought | obl |
| 7 | of | of | ADP | _ | 9 day | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 day | det |
| 9 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 part | nmod |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 beaten | punct |
| 11 | until | until | SCONJ | _ | 18 beaten | mark |
| 12 | at | at | ADP | _ | 13 last | case |
| 13 | last | last | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 beaten | obl |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 men | det |
| 15 | Inkum | Inkum | PROPN | Number=Sing | 16 men | compound |
| 16 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 beaten | nsubj |
| 17 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 18 beaten | aux:pass |
| 18 | beaten | beat | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 fought | parataxis |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 killed | punct |
| 20 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 killed | nsubj:pass |
| 21 | having | have | AUX | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 23 killed | aux |
| 22 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 23 killed | aux:pass |
| 23 | killed | kill | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 18 beaten | conj |
| 24 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 wounded | cc |
| 25 | wounded | wound | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 23 killed | conj |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 fought | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | fight | past | arrows = arrow | for the greater part of the day | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | beat | past · passive | the Inkum men | last | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | kill | gerund · perfect · passive | many | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | |||||
| 4 | wound | participle | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/7/51/