Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Ix.--the Story of the War Between Inkum and Enfitop., sentence 70

To return to the Inkum people, who had escaped into the bush on the night of the battle, as soon as it was dark, Chief Indoma called them all together and asked his ju-ju man what he had done to make him so unfortunate in the battle and to lose so many people.

Who acts: Chief, Inkum people, battle · What happens: return, escape, be, call, ask, do · To what, where: bush, people, ju man, Chief, many people · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Ix.--the Story of the War Between Inkum and Enfitop.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Chief, Inkum people, battle), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 return	mark
2	return	return	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	30 called	advcl
3	to	to	ADP	_	6 people	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 people	det
5	Inkum	Inkum	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 people	compound
6	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 return	obl
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 escaped	punct
8	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	10 escaped	nsubj
9	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	10 escaped	aux
10	escaped	escape	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	6 people	acl:relcl
11	into	into	ADP	_	13 bush	case
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 bush	det
13	bush	bush	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 escaped	obl
14	on	on	ADP	_	16 night	case
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 night	det
16	night	night	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 escaped	obl
17	of	of	ADP	_	19 battle	case
18	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	19 battle	det
19	battle	battle	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 night	nmod
20	,	,	PUNCT	_	22 soon	punct
21	as	as	ADV	_	22 soon	advmod
22	soon	soon	ADV	Degree=Pos	2 return	advmod
23	as	as	SCONJ	_	26 dark	mark
24	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	26 dark	nsubj
25	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	26 dark	cop
26	dark	dark	ADJ	Degree=Pos	22 soon	advcl
27	,	,	PUNCT	_	2 return	punct
28	Chief	Chief	PROPN	Number=Sing	30 called	nsubj
29	Indoma	Indoma	PROPN	Number=Sing	28 Chief	flat
30	called	call	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
31	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	30 called	obj
32	all	all	ADV	_	33 together	advmod
33	together	together	ADV	_	30 called	advmod
34	and	and	CCONJ	_	35 asked	cc
35	asked	ask	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	30 called	conj
36	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	40 man	nmod:poss
37	ju	ju	PROPN	Number=Sing	39 ju	compound
38	-	-	PUNCT	_	37 ju	punct
39	ju	ju	PROPN	Number=Sing	40 man	compound
40	man	man	NOUN	Number=Sing	35 asked	obj
41	what	what	PRON	PronType=Int	44 done	obj
42	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	44 done	nsubj
43	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	44 done	aux
44	done	do	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	35 asked	ccomp
45	to	to	PART	_	46 make	mark
46	make	make	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	44 done	advcl
47	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	46 make	obj
48	so	so	ADV	_	49 unfortunate	advmod
49	unfortunate	unfortunate	ADJ	Degree=Pos	46 make	xcomp
50	in	in	ADP	_	52 battle	case
51	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	52 battle	det
52	battle	battle	NOUN	Number=Sing	49 unfortunate	obl
53	and	and	CCONJ	_	55 lose	cc
54	to	to	PART	_	55 lose	mark
55	lose	lose	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	46 make	conj
56	so	so	ADV	_	57 many	advmod
57	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	58 people	amod
58	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	55 lose	obj
59	.	.	PUNCT	_	30 called	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	return	to-infinitive	Chief not said here					to the Inkum people result; soon property	vn convert-26.6.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Patient to people=Result
2	escape	past · perfect	the Inkum people			the bush	night		vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme into bush=Initial_Location
3	is	past	battle					dark property	tree rules
4	call	past	Chief	people				together property	vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent they=Recipient
5	ask speech: ask	past	Chief not said here		Chief's ju man				vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP whether S»: agent=Agent man=Recipient clause=Topic
6	do	past · perfect	Chief					what obj	vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Eventuality
7	make	to-infinitive	Chief not said here	Chief				unfortunate property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset he=Product
8	lose	to-infinitive	Chief not said here	many people					vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent people=Eventuality

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/7/70/

🌲 Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Ix.--the Story of the War Between Inkum and Enfitop., sentence 70

The tree

Pragmatics

Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Ix.--the Story of the War Between Inkum and Enfitop., sentence 70