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Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Ix.--the Story of the War Between Inkum and Enfitop., sentence 71

The ju-ju man told him that Chief Awum and Chief Osode had caused all the trouble by killing the Enfitop boys and stealing the children for food.

Who acts: ju man, Chief · What happens: tell, cause, kill, steal · To what, where: Chief, trouble, Enfitop boys, children · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Ix.--the Story of the War Between Inkum and Enfitop.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (ju man, Chief), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.

The tree

detcompoundpunctcompoundnsubjiobjmarknsubjflatccconjflatauxccompdet:predetdetobjmarkadvcldetcompoundobjccconjdetobjcaseoblpunctrootTheDETjuNOUN-PUNCTjuNOUNmanNOUNtoldVERBhimPRONthatSCONJChiefPROPNAwumPROPNandCCONJChiefPROPNOsodePROPNhadAUXcausedVERBallDETtheDETtroubleNOUNbySCONJkillingVERBtheDETEnfitopPROPNboysNOUNandCCONJstealingVERBtheDETchildrenNOUNforADPfoodNOUN.PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1ThetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art5 mandet
2jujuNOUNNumber=Sing4 jucompound
3--PUNCT_2 jupunct
4jujuNOUNNumber=Sing5 mancompound
5manmanNOUNNumber=Sing6 toldnsubj
6toldtellVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Finrootroot
7himhePRONCase=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs6 toldiobj
8thatthatSCONJ_15 causedmark
9ChiefChiefPROPNNumber=Sing15 causednsubj
10AwumAwumPROPNNumber=Sing9 Chiefflat
11andandCCONJ_12 Chiefcc
12ChiefChiefPROPNNumber=Sing9 Chiefconj
13OsodeOsodePROPNNumber=Sing12 Chiefflat
14hadhaveAUXMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin15 causedaux
15causedcauseVERBTense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass6 toldccomp
16allallDETPronType=Tot18 troubledet:predet
17thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art18 troubledet
18troubletroubleNOUNNumber=Sing15 causedobj
19bybySCONJ_20 killingmark
20killingkillVERBTense=Pres VerbForm=Part15 causedadvcl
21thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art23 boysdet
22EnfitopEnfitopPROPNNumber=Sing23 boyscompound
23boysboyNOUNNumber=Plur20 killingobj
24andandCCONJ_25 stealingcc
25stealingstealVERBTense=Pres VerbForm=Part20 killingconj
26thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art27 childrendet
27childrenchildNOUNNumber=Plur25 stealingobj
28forforADP_29 foodcase
29foodfoodNOUNNumber=Sing25 stealingobl
30..PUNCT_6 toldpunct

Pragmatics

#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1tell speech: assertpastthe ju manChiefvn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent he=Recipient clause=Topic
2causepast · perfectChief and Chiefall troublevn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition trouble=Patient
3killgerundChief and Chief not said herethe Enfitop boysvn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent boy=Theme
4stealgerundChief and Chief not said herethe childrenfor foodvn steal-10.5-1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent child=Theme for food=Beneficiary

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/7/71/