Kaffir folk-lore, Introductory Chapter Regarding the Kaffirs., sentence 133
When a person is killed by lightning no lamentation is made, as it would be considered rebellion to mourn for one whom the great chief has sent for.
Who acts: lightning · What happens: kill, make, consider, mourn, send · To what, where: person, lamentation, great chief
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Introductory Chapter Regarding the Kaffirs.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (lightning), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | When | when | SCONJ | _ | 5 killed | mark |
| 2 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 person | det |
| 3 | person | person | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 killed | nsubj:pass |
| 4 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 killed | aux:pass |
| 5 | killed | kill | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 6 | by | by | ADP | _ | 7 lightning | case |
| 7 | lightning | lightning | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 killed | obl |
| 8 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 9 lamentation | det |
| 9 | lamentation | lamentation | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 made | nsubj:pass |
| 10 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 11 made | aux:pass |
| 11 | made | make | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 7 lightning | acl:relcl |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 considered | punct |
| 13 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 17 considered | mark |
| 14 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 17 considered | nsubj:pass |
| 15 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 17 considered | aux |
| 16 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 17 considered | aux:pass |
| 17 | considered | consider | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 11 made | conj |
| 18 | rebellion | rebellion | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 considered | xcomp |
| 19 | to | to | PART | _ | 20 mourn | mark |
| 20 | mourn | mourn | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 18 rebellion | acl |
| 21 | for | for | ADP | _ | 22 one | case |
| 22 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 20 mourn | obl |
| 23 | whom | whom | PRON | PronType=Rel | 28 sent | obj |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 chief | det |
| 25 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 chief | amod |
| 26 | chief | chief | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 sent | nsubj:pass |
| 27 | has | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 28 sent | aux |
| 28 | sent | send | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 22 one | acl:relcl |
| 29 | for | for | ADP | _ | 28 sent | obl |
| 30 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 killed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | kill | present · passive | lightning | a person | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme | ||||
| 2 | make | present · passive | lightning not said here | no lamentation | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product | ||||
| 3 | consider | would · passive | lamentation | rebellion xcomp | vn consider-29.9-1-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Attribute | ||||
| 4 | mourn | to-infinitive | for one | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer for one=Attribute | |||||
| 5 | send | present · perfect · passive | the great chief | whom obj | vn send-11.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: subject=Destination whom=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/2/133/