Kaffir folk-lore, Introductory Chapter Regarding the Kaffirs., sentence 206
This is the case with every kind of manufacture, and no one pretends to know anything about a trade which does not belong to his own family.
Who acts: This, one · What happens: be, pretend, know, not belong · To what, where: case, anything
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Introductory Chapter Regarding the Kaffirs.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (This, one), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | This | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 4 case | nsubj |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 case | cop |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 case | det |
| 4 | case | case | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 5 | with | with | ADP | _ | 7 kind | case |
| 6 | every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 7 kind | det |
| 7 | kind | kind | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 case | nmod |
| 8 | of | of | ADP | _ | 9 manufacture | case |
| 9 | manufacture | manufacture | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 kind | nmod |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 pretends | punct |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 pretends | cc |
| 12 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 13 one | det |
| 13 | one | one | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 pretends | nsubj |
| 14 | pretends | pretend | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 case | advcl |
| 15 | to | to | PART | _ | 16 know | mark |
| 16 | know | know | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 14 pretends | xcomp |
| 17 | anything | anything | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Ind | 16 know | obj |
| 18 | about | about | ADP | _ | 20 trade | case |
| 19 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 20 trade | det |
| 20 | trade | trade | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 anything | nmod |
| 21 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 24 belong | nsubj |
| 22 | does | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 24 belong | aux |
| 23 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 24 belong | advmod |
| 24 | belong | belong | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 17 anything | acl:relcl |
| 25 | to | to | ADP | _ | 28 family | case |
| 26 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 28 family | nmod:poss |
| 27 | own | own | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 28 family | amod |
| 28 | family | family | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 belong | obl |
| 29 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 case | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | This | the case | with every kind of manufacture | tree rules | |||
| 2 | pretend | present | no one | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | know | to-infinitive | no one not said here | anything | about a trade | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer anything=Stimulus | |||
| 4 | not belong | present · do-support | to Kaffir's own family; which nsubj | vn attend-107.4-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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