Kaffir folk-lore, Introductory Chapter Regarding the Kaffirs., sentence 28
The first is the existence of a body of councillors about the person of each chief, whose advice he is compelled to listen to.
Who acts: first · What happens: be, compel, listen · To what, where: existence, person
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Introductory Chapter Regarding the Kaffirs.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (first), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 first | det |
| 2 | first | first | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 5 existence | nsubj |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 existence | cop |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 existence | det |
| 5 | existence | existence | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 6 | of | of | ADP | _ | 8 body | case |
| 7 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 8 body | det |
| 8 | body | body | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 existence | nmod |
| 9 | of | of | ADP | _ | 10 councillors | case |
| 10 | councillors | councillor | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 body | nmod |
| 11 | about | about | ADP | _ | 13 person | case |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 person | det |
| 13 | person | person | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 councillors | nmod |
| 14 | of | of | ADP | _ | 16 chief | case |
| 15 | each | each | DET | PronType=Tot | 16 chief | det |
| 16 | chief | chief | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 person | nmod |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 advice | punct |
| 18 | whose | whose | PRON | Poss=Yes PronType=Rel | 19 advice | nmod:poss |
| 19 | advice | advice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 chief | appos |
| 20 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 22 compelled | nsubj |
| 21 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 22 compelled | aux:pass |
| 22 | compelled | compel | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 19 advice | acl:relcl |
| 23 | to | to | PART | _ | 24 listen | mark |
| 24 | listen | listen | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 22 compelled | xcomp |
| 25 | to | to | ADP | _ | 24 listen | obl |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 existence | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | the first | the existence | of a body of councillors about the person of each chief | tree rules | |||
| 2 | compel | present · passive | person | vn compel-59.1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: subject=Patient clause=Result | |||||
| 3 | listen | to-infinitive | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/2/28/