Kaffir folk-lore, Introductory Chapter Regarding the Kaffirs., sentence 74
European children, however, readily learn to speak it fluently.
Who acts: European children · What happens: learn, speak · To what, where: child · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Introductory Chapter Regarding the Kaffirs.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (European children), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | European | European | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 children | amod |
| 2 | children | child | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 learn | nsubj |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 children | punct |
| 4 | however | however | ADV | _ | 7 learn | advmod |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 however | punct |
| 6 | readily | readily | ADV | _ | 7 learn | advmod |
| 7 | learn | learn | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | to | to | PART | _ | 9 speak | mark |
| 9 | speak | speak | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 7 learn | xcomp |
| 10 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 speak | obj |
| 11 | fluently | fluently | ADV | _ | 9 speak | advmod |
| 12 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 learn | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | learn | present | European children | however, readily property | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||||
| 2 | speak speech: other | to-infinitive | European children not said here | child | fluently property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/2/74/