Kaffir folk-lore, Story of the Girl Who Disregarded the Custom of Ntonjane., sentence 16
The spectators then applaud the best dancer, or if they do not at once unanimously fix upon the same person, the girls dance until all present agree.
Who acts: spectators, girls · What happens: applaud, not do, fix, dance · To what, where: best dancer
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Story of the Girl Who Disregarded the Custom of Ntonjane.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (spectators, girls), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 spectators | det |
| 2 | spectators | spectator | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 applaud | nsubj |
| 3 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 4 applaud | advmod |
| 4 | applaud | applaud | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 dancer | det |
| 6 | best | good | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 7 dancer | amod |
| 7 | dancer | dancer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 applaud | obj |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 fix | punct |
| 9 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 17 fix | cc |
| 10 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 12 do | mark |
| 11 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 do | nsubj |
| 12 | do | do | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 17 fix | advcl |
| 13 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 12 do | advmod |
| 14 | at | at | ADP | _ | 15 once | case |
| 15 | once | once | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Mult | 17 fix | obl |
| 16 | unanimously | unanimously | ADV | _ | 17 fix | advmod |
| 17 | fix | fix | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 applaud | conj |
| 18 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 21 person | case |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 person | det |
| 20 | same | same | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 person | amod |
| 21 | person | person | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 fix | obl |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 dance | punct |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 girls | det |
| 24 | girls | girl | NOUN | Number=Plur | 25 dance | nsubj |
| 25 | dance | dance | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 applaud | conj |
| 26 | until | until | ADP | _ | 29 agree | case |
| 27 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 29 agree | det |
| 28 | present | present | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 agree | amod |
| 29 | agree | agree | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 dance | obl |
| 30 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 applaud | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | applaud | present | the spectators | the best dancer | then | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer dancer=Stimulus | |||
| 2 | not do a condition, not said to happen | present | spectators = spectator | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | fix | infinitive | the spectators not said here | upon the same person; unanimously property | vn price-54.4 «NP V NP PP.value»: agent=Agent at once=Value | ||||
| 4 | dance | present | the girls | until all present agree | vn modes_of_being_with_motion-47.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/30/16/