Kaffir folk-lore, Story of the Girl Who Disregarded the Custom of Ntonjane., sentence 17
The girls then give room to the men and women, who form themselves in lines in the same manner, and dance until it is decided which of them surpass the others.
Who acts: girls · What happens: give, form, decide, surpass · To what, where: room, men, lines, dance, others · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Story of the Girl Who Disregarded the Custom of Ntonjane.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (girls), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 girls | det |
| 2 | girls | girl | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 give | nsubj |
| 3 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 4 give | advmod |
| 4 | give | give | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | room | room | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 give | obj |
| 6 | to | to | ADP | _ | 8 men | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 men | det |
| 8 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 give | obl |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 women | cc |
| 10 | women | woman | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 men | conj |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 form | punct |
| 12 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 13 form | nsubj |
| 13 | form | form | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 give | conj |
| 14 | themselves | themselves | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 13 form | obj |
| 15 | in | in | ADP | _ | 16 lines | case |
| 16 | lines | line | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 form | obl |
| 17 | in | in | ADP | _ | 20 manner | case |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 manner | det |
| 19 | same | same | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 manner | amod |
| 20 | manner | manner | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 lines | nmod |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 decided | punct |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 decided | cc |
| 23 | dance | dance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 decided | nsubj:pass |
| 24 | until | until | SCONJ | _ | 27 decided | mark |
| 25 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 27 decided | nsubj:pass |
| 26 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 27 decided | aux:pass |
| 27 | decided | decide | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 give | parataxis |
| 28 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 31 surpass | nsubj |
| 29 | of | of | ADP | _ | 30 them | case |
| 30 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 31 surpass | obl |
| 31 | surpass | surpass | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 27 decided | ccomp |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 33 others | det |
| 33 | others | other | NOUN | Number=Plur | 31 surpass | obj |
| 34 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 give | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | give | present | the girls | room | the men and women | then | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent room=Theme to man=Recipient | ||
| 2 | form | present | men = man | lines in the same manner | who nsubj | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location themselves=Theme | |||
| 3 | decide | present · passive | dance | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V PP.co-agent that S»: subject=Co-Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 4 | surpass | infinitive | the others | of men = man; which nsubj | vn exceed-90 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot other=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/30/17/