Kaffir folk-lore, Story of the Girl Who Disregarded the Custom of Ntonjane., sentence 23
Then the brother of the girl knew the voice of his sister, and they all went to the tree where she was, and took her home with them.
Who acts: brother, others · What happens: know, go, take · To what, where: voice, tree, home
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Story of the Girl Who Disregarded the Custom of Ntonjane.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (brother, others), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 7 knew | advmod |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 brother | det |
| 3 | brother | brother | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 knew | nsubj |
| 4 | of | of | ADP | _ | 6 girl | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 girl | det |
| 6 | girl | girl | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 brother | nmod |
| 7 | knew | know | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 voice | det |
| 9 | voice | voice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 knew | obj |
| 10 | of | of | ADP | _ | 12 sister | case |
| 11 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 12 sister | nmod:poss |
| 12 | sister | sister | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 voice | nmod |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 went | punct |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 went | cc |
| 15 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 17 went | nsubj |
| 16 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 17 went | advmod |
| 17 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 knew | conj |
| 18 | to | to | ADP | _ | 20 tree | case |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 tree | det |
| 20 | tree | tree | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 went | obl |
| 21 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 23 was | advmod |
| 22 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 23 was | nsubj |
| 23 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 20 tree | acl:relcl |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 took | punct |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 26 took | cc |
| 26 | took | take | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 knew | conj |
| 27 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 28 home | nmod:poss |
| 28 | home | home | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 took | obj |
| 29 | with | with | ADP | _ | 30 them | case |
| 30 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 26 took | obl |
| 31 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 knew | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | know | past | the brother of the girl | the voice of brother's sister | then | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer voice=Stimulus | |||
| 2 | go | past | others = other | the tree | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to tree=Initial_Location | ||||
| 3 | take | past | the brother of the girl not said here | girl's home | with others = other | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent home=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/7/23/