Kaffir folk-lore, Story of the Girl Who Disregarded the Custom of Ntonjane., sentence 3
One day her companions persuaded her to go and bathe in a stream near at hand, though this was against the custom of the ntonjane.
Who acts: companions, daughter, this · What happens: persuade, go, bathe, be · To what, where: daughter
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Story of the Girl Who Disregarded the Custom of Ntonjane.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (companions, daughter, this), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | One | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 2 day | nummod |
| 2 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 persuaded | obl:unmarked |
| 3 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 4 companions | nmod:poss |
| 4 | companions | companion | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 persuaded | nsubj |
| 5 | persuaded | persuade | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 persuaded | obj |
| 7 | to | to | PART | _ | 8 go | mark |
| 8 | go | go | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 persuaded | xcomp |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 bathe | cc |
| 10 | bathe | bathe | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 8 go | conj |
| 11 | in | in | ADP | _ | 13 stream | case |
| 12 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 13 stream | det |
| 13 | stream | stream | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 bathe | obl |
| 14 | near | near | ADP | _ | 16 hand | case |
| 15 | at | at | ADP | _ | 16 hand | case |
| 16 | hand | hand | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 stream | nmod |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 custom | punct |
| 18 | though | though | SCONJ | _ | 23 custom | mark |
| 19 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 23 custom | nsubj |
| 20 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 23 custom | cop |
| 21 | against | against | ADP | _ | 23 custom | case |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 custom | det |
| 23 | custom | custom | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 persuaded | obl |
| 24 | of | of | ADP | _ | 26 ntonjane | case |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 ntonjane | det |
| 26 | ntonjane | ntonjane | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 custom | nmod |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 persuaded | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | persuade | past | daughter's companions | daughter | day | vn compel-59.1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent she=Patient clause=Result | |||
| 2 | go | to-infinitive | daughter not said here | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 3 | bathe | infinitive | daughter not said here | in a stream near hand | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent in stream=Theme | ||||
| 4 | is | past | this | against the custom; of the ntonjane | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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