Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, Indian Traits, sentence 7
It comes as a good lesson, when in manhood a groan might show an enemy where they were hidden.
Who acts: pain, groan · What happens: come, show, hide · To what, where: enemy, boys
This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Indian Traits. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (pain, groan), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 comes | nsubj |
| 2 | comes | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | as | as | ADP | _ | 6 lesson | case |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 lesson | det |
| 5 | good | good | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 lesson | amod |
| 6 | lesson | lesson | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 comes | obl |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 show | punct |
| 8 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 14 show | advmod |
| 9 | in | in | ADP | _ | 10 manhood | case |
| 10 | manhood | manhood | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 show | obl |
| 11 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 12 groan | det |
| 12 | groan | groan | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 show | nsubj |
| 13 | might | might | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 14 show | aux |
| 14 | show | show | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 2 comes | parataxis |
| 15 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 16 enemy | det |
| 16 | enemy | enemy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 show | obj |
| 17 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 20 hidden | advmod |
| 18 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 20 hidden | nsubj:pass |
| 19 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 20 hidden | aux:pass |
| 20 | hidden | hide | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 16 enemy | acl:relcl |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 comes | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | come | present | pain | as a good lesson | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 2 | show | might | a groan | a enemy | in manhood | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP PP.recipient PP.theme»: agent=Agent enemy=Patient in manhood=Topic | |||
| 3 | hide | past · passive | boys = boy | vn concealment-16-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/10/7/