Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, The Indian At Home, sentence 36
The white hunter has reason to dread the attacks of these dogs, for they are much like the coyotes and wolves of the forests.
Who acts: white hunter, dogs · What happens: have, dread, be, attack · To what, where: reason, attacks, dogs
This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, The Indian At Home. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (white hunter, dogs), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 hunter | det |
| 2 | white | white | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 hunter | amod |
| 3 | hunter | hunter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 has | nsubj |
| 4 | has | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | reason | reason | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 has | obj |
| 6 | to | to | PART | _ | 7 dread | mark |
| 7 | dread | dread | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 reason | acl |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 attacks | det |
| 9 | attacks | attack | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 dread | obj |
| 10 | of | of | ADP | _ | 12 dogs | case |
| 11 | these | this | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 12 dogs | det |
| 12 | dogs | dog | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 attacks | nmod |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 coyotes | punct |
| 14 | for | for | ADP | _ | 20 coyotes | case |
| 15 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 20 coyotes | nsubj |
| 16 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 20 coyotes | cop |
| 17 | much | much | ADV | _ | 20 coyotes | advmod |
| 18 | like | like | ADP | _ | 20 coyotes | case |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 coyotes | det |
| 20 | coyotes | coyote | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 dread | obl |
| 21 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 wolves | cc |
| 22 | wolves | wolf | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 coyotes | conj |
| 23 | of | of | ADP | _ | 25 forests | case |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 forests | det |
| 25 | forests | forest | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 wolves | nmod |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 has | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | present | the white hunter | reason | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent reason=Patient | ||||
| 2 | dread | to-infinitive | the white hunter not said here | the attacks of this dogs | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer attack=Stimulus | ||||
| 3 | is | present | dogs = dog | for the coyotes and wolves of the forests; wolves of the forests conj | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | attack | this dogs | nom attack «act transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/13/36/