Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, Sioux and Chippewas of Minnesota, sentence 23
During the summer they pick and sell the berries which grow near the woods and lakes.
Who acts: Indians, berries · What happens: pick, sell, grow · To what, where: berries, woods
This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Sioux and Chippewas of Minnesota. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Indians, berries), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | During | during | ADP | _ | 3 summer | case |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 summer | det |
| 3 | summer | summer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 pick | obl |
| 4 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 pick | nsubj |
| 5 | pick | pick | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 7 sell | cc |
| 7 | sell | sell | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 pick | conj |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 berries | det |
| 9 | berries | berry | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 sell | obj |
| 10 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 11 grow | nsubj |
| 11 | grow | grow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 berries | acl:relcl |
| 12 | near | near | ADP | _ | 14 woods | case |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 woods | det |
| 14 | woods | wood | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 grow | obl |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 lakes | cc |
| 16 | lakes | lake | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 woods | conj |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 pick | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | pick | present | Indians = indian | summer | vn chew-39.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | sell | present | Indians = indian not said here | the berries | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent berry=Theme | ||||
| 3 | grow | present | the berries | the woods and lakes | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme near wood=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/21/23/