Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, Sioux and Chippewas of Minnesota, sentence 24
They have gardens of maize, squash, pumpkins, beans, and onions, and some raise potatoes.
Who acts: Indians, some · What happens: have, raise · To what, where: gardens, potatoes
This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Sioux and Chippewas of Minnesota. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Indians, some), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | They | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 have | nsubj |
| 2 | have | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | gardens | garden | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 have | obj |
| 4 | of | of | ADP | _ | 5 maize | case |
| 5 | maize | maize | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 gardens | nmod |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 squash | punct |
| 7 | squash | squash | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 maize | conj |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 pumpkins | punct |
| 9 | pumpkins | pumpkin | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 maize | conj |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 beans | punct |
| 11 | beans | bean | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 pumpkins | conj |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 onions | punct |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 onions | cc |
| 14 | onions | onion | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 have | obl |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 raise | punct |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 raise | cc |
| 17 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 18 raise | nsubj |
| 18 | raise | raise | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 have | conj |
| 19 | potatoes | potato | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 raise | obj |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 have | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | present | Indians = indian | gardens of maize and squash and pumpkins and beans | onions obl | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent garden=Patient | |||
| 2 | raise | present | some | potatoes | vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent potato=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/21/24/