Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, XXVII. the Star That Never Moves, sentence 15
“Memainggwah the butterfly,—where is she?” asked Keneu.
Who acts: Memainggwah · What happens: be, ask · To what, where: Keneu · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, XXVII. the Star That Never Moves. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Memainggwah), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 Memainggwah | punct |
| 2 | Memainggwah | Memainggwah | PROPN | Number=Sing | 12 asked | nsubj |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 butterfly | det |
| 4 | butterfly | butterfly | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 Memainggwah | appos |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 Memainggwah | punct |
| 6 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 7 where | punct |
| 7 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 2 Memainggwah | nmod |
| 8 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 where | cop |
| 9 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 where | nsubj |
| 10 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 2 Memainggwah | punct |
| 11 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 Memainggwah | punct |
| 12 | asked | ask | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 13 | Keneu | Keneu | PROPN | Number=Sing | 12 asked | iobj |
| 14 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 12 asked | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is in a quote | present | Memainggwah | where property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | ask speech: ask | past | Memainggwah | Keneu | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent keneu=Recipient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/52/15/