Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, Key to Marks of Pronunciation, sentence 113
From the Ojibways and other Algonquin tribes the whites learned to make maple sugar, hominy, and corn cake.
Who acts: other Algonquin tribes · What happens: learn, make · To what, where: corn cake, Ojibways, maple sugar
This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Key to Marks of Pronunciation. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (other Algonquin tribes), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | From | from | ADP | _ | 3 Ojibways | case |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 Ojibways | det |
| 3 | Ojibways | Ojibway | PROPN | Number=Plur | 10 learned | obl |
| 4 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 7 tribes | cc |
| 5 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 tribes | amod |
| 6 | Algonquin | Algonquin | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 tribes | compound |
| 7 | tribes | tribe | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 learned | nsubj |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 whites | det |
| 9 | whites | white | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 tribes | conj |
| 10 | learned | learn | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 11 | to | to | PART | _ | 12 make | mark |
| 12 | make | make | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 10 learned | xcomp |
| 13 | maple | maple | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 sugar | compound |
| 14 | sugar | sugar | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 make | obj |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 hominy | punct |
| 16 | hominy | hominy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 sugar | conj |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 cake | punct |
| 18 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 cake | cc |
| 19 | corn | corn | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 cake | compound |
| 20 | cake | cake | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 learned | obl |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 10 learned | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | learn | past | other Algonquin tribes and the whites | corn cake | the Ojibways | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V PP.source wh-S_INF»: agent=Agent from ojibway=Source clause=Topic | |||
| 2 | make | to-infinitive | other Algonquin tribes and the whites not said here | maple sugar and hominy | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset sugar=Product |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/86/113/