Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, Key to Marks of Pronunciation, sentence 114
They have for generations raised corn, beans, and pumpkins.
Who acts: tribes · What happens: have, raise
This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Key to Marks of Pronunciation. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (tribes), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | They | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 have | nsubj |
| 2 | have | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | for | for | ADP | _ | 4 generations | case |
| 4 | generations | generation | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 have | obl |
| 5 | raised | raise | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 6 corn | amod |
| 6 | corn | corn | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 generations | conj |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 beans | punct |
| 8 | beans | bean | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 corn | conj |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 pumpkins | punct |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 pumpkins | cc |
| 11 | pumpkins | pumpkin | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 generations | conj |
| 12 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 have | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | present | tribes = tribe | for generations and raised corn and beans and pumpkins | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | raise | participle | vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/86/114/