Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand, The Port Hills and Their Names., sentence 100
The name of the village was Poho-areare, or “pigeon breasted,” after some chief of those days, and it was because of its situation, the outermost _Kainga_ of the Plains and swamp dwellers, commanding the passage down the Heathcote to the sea, that the river became known as the stream of “The Outpost.”
Who acts: name, pigeon, river · What happens: be, breast, command, become, know, name · To what, where: Poho areare, passage, village · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, The Port Hills and Their Names.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (name, pigeon, river), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 name | det |
| 2 | name | name | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 areare | nsubj |
| 3 | of | of | ADP | _ | 5 village | case |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 village | det |
| 5 | village | village | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 name | nmod |
| 6 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 areare | cop |
| 7 | Poho | Poho | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 areare | compound |
| 8 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 9 areare | punct |
| 9 | areare | areare | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 breasted | punct |
| 11 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 14 breasted | cc |
| 12 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 14 breasted | punct |
| 13 | pigeon | pigeon | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 breasted | nsubj |
| 14 | breasted | breast | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 areare | conj |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 breasted | punct |
| 16 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 14 breasted | punct |
| 17 | after | after | ADP | _ | 19 chief | case |
| 18 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 19 chief | det |
| 19 | chief | chief | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 breasted | obl |
| 20 | of | of | ADP | _ | 22 days | case |
| 21 | those | that | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 22 days | det |
| 22 | days | day | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 chief | nmod |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 situation | punct |
| 24 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 30 situation | cc |
| 25 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 30 situation | nsubj |
| 26 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 30 situation | cop |
| 27 | because | because | ADP | ExtPos=ADP | 30 situation | case |
| 28 | of | of | ADP | _ | 27 because | fixed |
| 29 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 30 situation | nmod:poss |
| 30 | situation | situation | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 areare | conj |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 outermost | punct |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 33 outermost | det |
| 33 | outermost | outermost | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 areare | parataxis |
| 34 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 35 Kainga | punct |
| 35 | Kainga | Kainga | PROPN | Number=Sing | 33 outermost | obl |
| 36 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 39 Plains | punct |
| 37 | of | of | ADP | _ | 39 Plains | case |
| 38 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 39 Plains | det |
| 39 | Plains | Plain | PROPN | Number=Plur | 35 Kainga | conj |
| 40 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 42 dwellers | cc |
| 41 | swamp | swamp | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 42 dwellers | amod |
| 42 | dwellers | dweller | NOUN | Number=Plur | 35 Kainga | conj |
| 43 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 44 commanding | punct |
| 44 | commanding | command | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 33 outermost | conj |
| 45 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 46 passage | det |
| 46 | passage | passage | NOUN | Number=Sing | 44 commanding | obj |
| 47 | down | down | ADP | _ | 49 Heathcote | case |
| 48 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 49 Heathcote | det |
| 49 | Heathcote | Heathcote | PROPN | Number=Sing | 46 passage | nmod |
| 50 | to | to | ADP | _ | 52 sea | case |
| 51 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 52 sea | det |
| 52 | sea | sea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 44 commanding | obl |
| 53 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 57 became | punct |
| 54 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 57 became | mark |
| 55 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 56 river | det |
| 56 | river | river | NOUN | Number=Sing | 57 became | nsubj |
| 57 | became | become | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 33 outermost | conj |
| 58 | known | know | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 57 became | xcomp |
| 59 | as | as | ADP | _ | 61 stream | case |
| 60 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 61 stream | det |
| 61 | stream | stream | NOUN | Number=Sing | 58 known | obl |
| 62 | of | of | ADP | _ | 65 Outpost | case |
| 63 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 65 Outpost | punct |
| 64 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 65 Outpost | det |
| 65 | Outpost | Outpost | PROPN | Number=Sing | 61 stream | nmod |
| 66 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 9 areare | punct |
| 67 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 9 areare | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | past | the name of the village | Poho areare and pigeon's situation | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | breast in a quote | past | pigeon | after some chief of that days | vn confront-98 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | is | past | pigeon | because pigeon's situation | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | command | gerund | the name of the village not said here | the passage | down the Heathcote; to the sea | vn supervision-95.2.2-1 «NP V NP.predicate»: agent=Agent passage=Eventuality | |||
| 5 | become | past | the river | tree rules | |||||
| 6 | know | participle | the river not said here | as the stream of the Outpost | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer as stream=Attribute | ||||
| 7 | name | the village | nom name «communication transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, Project Gutenberg book 73766 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73766/10/100/