Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand, Rapaki: a Village By the Sea., sentence 99
Just now we may content ourselves with the gentler scenes in Rapaki valley, where the kowhai has shed its showers of gold and the _pakeha_ fruit trees in blossom sweeten the soft air deliciously.
Who acts: we, fruit trees · What happens: content, shed, sweeten · To what, where: ourselves, kowhai, soft air
This is a sentence of «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, Rapaki: a Village By the Sea.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (we, fruit trees), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Just | just | ADV | _ | 2 now | advmod |
| 2 | now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 5 content | advmod |
| 3 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 5 content | nsubj |
| 4 | may | may | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 5 content | aux |
| 5 | content | content | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 6 | ourselves | ourselves | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 5 content | obj |
| 7 | with | with | ADP | _ | 10 scenes | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 scenes | det |
| 9 | gentler | gentle | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 10 scenes | amod |
| 10 | scenes | scene | NOUN | Number=Plur | 33 sweeten | obl |
| 11 | in | in | ADP | _ | 13 valley | case |
| 12 | Rapaki | Rapaki | PROPN | Number=Sing | 13 valley | compound |
| 13 | valley | valley | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 scenes | nmod |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 shed | punct |
| 15 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 19 shed | advmod |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 kowhai | det |
| 17 | kowhai | kowhai | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 shed | nsubj:pass |
| 18 | has | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 19 shed | aux |
| 19 | shed | shed | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 10 scenes | acl |
| 20 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 21 showers | nmod:poss |
| 21 | showers | shower | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 shed | obj |
| 22 | of | of | ADP | _ | 23 gold | case |
| 23 | gold | gold | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 showers | nmod |
| 24 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 pakeha | cc |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 pakeha | det |
| 26 | _ | _ | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 pakeha | amod |
| 27 | pakeha | pakeha | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 gold | conj |
| 28 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 30 trees | punct |
| 29 | fruit | fruit | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 trees | compound |
| 30 | trees | tree | NOUN | Number=Plur | 33 sweeten | nsubj |
| 31 | in | in | ADP | _ | 32 blossom | case |
| 32 | blossom | blossom | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 trees | nmod |
| 33 | sweeten | sweeten | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 content | conj |
| 34 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 36 air | det |
| 35 | soft | soft | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 36 air | amod |
| 36 | air | air | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 sweeten | obj |
| 37 | deliciously | deliciously | ADV | _ | 33 sweeten | advmod |
| 38 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 content | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | content | may | we | ourselves | now | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus ourselves=Experiencer | |||
| 2 | shed | present · perfect · passive | the kowhai | kowhai's showers of gold and the _ pakeha obj | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | sweeten | present | fruit trees in blossom | the soft air | with the gentler scenes in Rapaki valley; deliciously property | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent air=Patient with scene=Instrument |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, Project Gutenberg book 73766 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73766/12/99/