Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand, How the Sacred Fire Came to Witch Hill., sentence 45
There are lava rocks, he says, like those of the Ahi-a-Tamatea on the shore of Quail Island; and then there are the always wonderful cliff of Pari-mataa and the wall of Otarahaka on the Mount Herbert side of the upper harbour.
Who acts: lava rocks, rock · What happens: be, say · To what, where: wonderful cliff · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, How the Sacred Fire Came to Witch Hill.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (lava rocks, rock), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | There | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 2 are | expl |
| 2 | are | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | lava | lava | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 rocks | compound |
| 4 | rocks | rock | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 are | nsubj |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 says | punct |
| 6 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 says | nsubj |
| 7 | says | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 are | conj |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 those | punct |
| 9 | like | like | ADP | _ | 10 those | case |
| 10 | those | that | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 7 says | ccomp |
| 11 | of | of | ADP | _ | 17 Tamatea | case |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 Tamatea | det |
| 13 | Ahi | Ahi | PROPN | Number=Sing | 17 Tamatea | compound |
| 14 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 17 Tamatea | punct |
| 15 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 17 Tamatea | det |
| 16 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 15 a | punct |
| 17 | Tamatea | Tamatea | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 those | nmod |
| 18 | on | on | ADP | _ | 20 shore | case |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 shore | det |
| 20 | shore | shore | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 those | nmod |
| 21 | of | of | ADP | _ | 23 Island | case |
| 22 | Quail | Quail | PROPN | Number=Sing | 23 Island | compound |
| 23 | Island | Island | PROPN | Number=Sing | 20 shore | nmod |
| 24 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 32 cliff | punct |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 32 cliff | cc |
| 26 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 28 are | advmod |
| 27 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 28 are | expl |
| 28 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 32 cliff | cop |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 32 cliff | det |
| 30 | always | always | ADV | PronType=Tot | 31 wonderful | advmod |
| 31 | wonderful | wonderful | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 32 cliff | amod |
| 32 | cliff | cliff | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 are | obl |
| 33 | of | of | ADP | _ | 36 mataa | case |
| 34 | Pari | Pari | PROPN | Number=Sing | 36 mataa | compound |
| 35 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 36 mataa | punct |
| 36 | mataa | mataa | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 cliff | nmod |
| 37 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 39 wall | cc |
| 38 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 39 wall | det |
| 39 | wall | wall | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 mataa | conj |
| 40 | of | of | ADP | _ | 41 Otarahaka | case |
| 41 | Otarahaka | Otarahaka | PROPN | Number=Sing | 39 wall | nmod |
| 42 | on | on | ADP | _ | 46 side | case |
| 43 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 46 side | det |
| 44 | Mount | Mount | PROPN | Number=Sing | 45 Herbert | compound |
| 45 | Herbert | Herbert | PROPN | Number=Sing | 46 side | compound |
| 46 | side | side | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 mataa | nmod |
| 47 | of | of | ADP | _ | 50 harbour | case |
| 48 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 50 harbour | det |
| 49 | upper | upper | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 50 harbour | amod |
| 50 | harbour | harbour | NOUN | Number=Sing | 46 side | nmod |
| 51 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 are | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | does | present | lava rocks | there | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 2 | say speech: assert | present | rock | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | is a | present | the wonderful cliff | always | of Pari mataa on the Herbert side of the upper harbour and the wall of Otarahaka | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, Project Gutenberg book 73766 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73766/13/45/