The grateful elephant, Opening, part 2, sentence 138
The power of flying through the air is mentioned in the oldest texts as one of the several varieties of magical power which may be acquired by the Practice of Meditation.
Who acts: power, Practice · What happens: fly, mention, acquire, practice · To what, where: air, power, oldest texts, magical power, Meditation
This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (power, Practice), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 power | det |
| 2 | power | power | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 mentioned | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | of | of | SCONJ | _ | 4 flying | mark |
| 4 | flying | fly | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 2 power | acl |
| 5 | through | through | ADP | _ | 7 air | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 air | det |
| 7 | air | air | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 flying | obl |
| 8 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 mentioned | aux:pass |
| 9 | mentioned | mention | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 10 | in | in | ADP | _ | 13 texts | case |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 texts | det |
| 12 | oldest | old | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 13 texts | amod |
| 13 | texts | text | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 mentioned | obl |
| 14 | as | as | ADP | _ | 15 one | case |
| 15 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 9 mentioned | obl |
| 16 | of | of | ADP | _ | 19 varieties | case |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 varieties | det |
| 18 | several | several | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 varieties | amod |
| 19 | varieties | variety | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 one | nmod |
| 20 | of | of | ADP | _ | 22 power | case |
| 21 | magical | magical | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 22 power | amod |
| 22 | power | power | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 varieties | nmod |
| 23 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 26 acquired | nsubj:pass |
| 24 | may | may | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 26 acquired | aux |
| 25 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 26 acquired | aux:pass |
| 26 | acquired | acquire | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 22 power | acl:relcl |
| 27 | by | by | ADP | _ | 29 Practice | case |
| 28 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 Practice | det |
| 29 | Practice | practice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 acquired | obl |
| 30 | of | of | ADP | _ | 31 Meditation | case |
| 31 | Meditation | Meditation | PROPN | Number=Sing | 29 Practice | nmod |
| 32 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 9 mentioned | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | fly | gerund | the power not said here | the air | vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme through air=Location | ||||
| 2 | mention speech: other | present · passive | the power | the oldest texts | as one of the several varieties of magical power | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: subject=Topic | |||
| 3 | acquire | may · passive | the Practice of Meditation | magical power | vn obtain-13.5.2-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset subject=Theme | ||||
| 4 | practice | Meditation | nom practice «act transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74064/2/138/