The grateful elephant, Opening, part 2, sentence 139
The illustration to Story 15, _A Buddhist Henny-Penny_, shows the Future Buddha, in the form of a lion, setting out with the little hare on his back to discover the cause of the flight of the animals.
Who acts: illustration, Buddhist Henny · What happens: story, show, set out, discover, form, cause · To what, where: 15, Future Buddha, back, cause, lion, flight
This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (illustration, Buddhist Henny), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 illustration | det |
| 2 | illustration | illustration | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 shows | ccomp |
| 3 | to | to | ADP | _ | 4 Story | case |
| 4 | Story | story | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 2 illustration | acl |
| 5 | 15 | 15 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 4 Story | obj |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 illustration | punct |
| 7 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 15 shows | punct |
| 8 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 Henny | det |
| 9 | Buddhist | buddhist | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 Henny | amod |
| 10 | Henny | Henny | PROPN | Number=Sing | 15 shows | nsubj |
| 11 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 12 Penny | punct |
| 12 | Penny | Penny | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 Henny | conj |
| 13 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 10 Henny | punct |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 Henny | punct |
| 15 | shows | show | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 Buddha | det |
| 17 | Future | Future | PROPN | Number=Sing | 18 Buddha | compound |
| 18 | Buddha | Buddha | PROPN | Number=Sing | 15 shows | obj |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 form | punct |
| 20 | in | in | ADP | _ | 22 form | case |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 form | det |
| 22 | form | form | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 shows | obl |
| 23 | of | of | ADP | _ | 25 lion | case |
| 24 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 25 lion | det |
| 25 | lion | lion | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 form | nmod |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 setting | punct |
| 27 | setting | set | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 15 shows | advcl |
| 28 | out | out | ADP | _ | 27 setting | compound:prt |
| 29 | with | with | ADP | _ | 32 hare | case |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 32 hare | det |
| 31 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 32 hare | amod |
| 32 | hare | hare | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 setting | obl |
| 33 | on | on | ADP | _ | 35 back | case |
| 34 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 35 back | nmod:poss |
| 35 | back | back | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 setting | obl |
| 36 | to | to | PART | _ | 37 discover | mark |
| 37 | discover | discover | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 27 setting | advcl |
| 38 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 39 cause | det |
| 39 | cause | cause | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 discover | obj |
| 40 | of | of | ADP | _ | 42 flight | case |
| 41 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 42 flight | det |
| 42 | flight | flight | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 cause | nmod |
| 43 | of | of | ADP | _ | 45 animals | case |
| 44 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 45 animals | det |
| 45 | animals | animal | NOUN | Number=Plur | 42 flight | nmod |
| 46 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 15 shows | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | story | infinitive | the illustration not said here | 15 | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | show | present | a Buddhist Henny and Penny | the Future Buddha | in the form of a lion; the illustration ccomp | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP PP.recipient PP.theme»: agent=Agent buddha=Patient in form=Topic | |||
| 3 | set out | gerund | a Buddhist Henny and Penny not said here | Henny's back | with the little hare | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||
| 4 | discover | to-infinitive | a Buddhist Henny and Penny not said here | the cause of the flight of the animals | vn discover-84-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cause=Topic | ||||
| 5 | form | a lion | nom form «communication transitive»: of=patient | ||||||
| 6 | cause | the flight of the animals | nom cause «event transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74064/2/139/