Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains, A Historical Tale., part 5, sentence 55
And louder and nearer thundered the wild call of the hunters, the hunting horns came fearfully near, and as the hounds would seize their prey, the stag, in deathly terror, made the leap into the frightful deeps.
Who acts: hunting horns, hounds · What happens: thunder, come, seize, make, call · To what, where: wild call, prey, leap, frightful deeps, hunters · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, A Historical Tale., part 5. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (hunting horns, hounds), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 5 thundered | cc |
| 2 | louder | loud | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 5 thundered | advmod |
| 3 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 4 nearer | cc |
| 4 | nearer | near | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 5 thundered | advmod |
| 5 | thundered | thunder | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 call | det |
| 7 | wild | wild | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 call | amod |
| 8 | call | call | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 thundered | obj |
| 9 | of | of | ADP | _ | 11 hunters | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 hunters | det |
| 11 | hunters | hunter | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 call | nmod |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 came | punct |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 horns | det |
| 14 | hunting | hunting | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 horns | compound |
| 15 | horns | horn | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 came | nsubj |
| 16 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 call | conj |
| 17 | fearfully | fearfully | ADV | _ | 18 near | advmod |
| 18 | near | near | ADV | _ | 16 came | advmod |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 seize | punct |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 seize | cc |
| 21 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 25 seize | mark |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 hounds | det |
| 23 | hounds | hound | NOUN | Number=Plur | 25 seize | nsubj |
| 24 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 25 seize | aux |
| 25 | seize | seize | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 thundered | conj |
| 26 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 27 prey | nmod:poss |
| 27 | prey | prey | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 seize | obj |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 stag | punct |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 stag | det |
| 30 | stag | stag | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 prey | conj |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 terror | punct |
| 32 | in | in | ADP | _ | 34 terror | case |
| 33 | deathly | deathly | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 34 terror | amod |
| 34 | terror | terror | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 seize | parataxis |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 made | punct |
| 36 | made | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 thundered | conj |
| 37 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 38 leap | det |
| 38 | leap | leap | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 made | obj |
| 39 | into | into | ADP | _ | 42 deeps | case |
| 40 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 42 deeps | det |
| 41 | frightful | frightful | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 42 deeps | amod |
| 42 | deeps | deep | NOUN | Number=Plur | 36 made | obl |
| 43 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 thundered | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | thunder | past | the wild call of the hunters | near property | vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent call=Theme | ||||
| 2 | come | past | the hunting horns | near property | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 3 | seize | would | the hounds | hounds's prey and the stag | deathly terror parataxis | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent prey=Theme | |||
| 4 | make | past | the leap | the frightful deeps | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP.material PP.product»: agent=Agent leap=Material into deep=Product | ||||
| 5 | call | the hunters | nom call «communication transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Project Gutenberg book 74323 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74323/22/55/