English Fairy Tales, _to My Dear Little May_, sentence 9
The only reason, I imagine, why such tales have not hitherto been brought to light, is the lamentable gap between the governing and recording classes and the dumb working classes of this country--dumb to others but eloquent among themselves.
Who acts: I, only reason · What happens: imagine, not bring, be · To what, where: only reason, such tales, light, lamentable gap
This is a sentence of «English Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, _to My Dear Little May_. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, only reason), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 reason | det |
| 2 | only | only | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 reason | amod |
| 3 | reason | reason | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 gap | nsubj |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 imagine | punct |
| 5 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 6 imagine | nsubj |
| 6 | imagine | imagine | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 reason | acl:relcl |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 brought | punct |
| 8 | why | why | ADV | PronType=Int | 15 brought | advmod |
| 9 | such | such | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 tales | amod |
| 10 | tales | tale | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 brought | nsubj:pass |
| 11 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 15 brought | aux |
| 12 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 15 brought | advmod |
| 13 | hitherto | hitherto | ADV | _ | 15 brought | advmod |
| 14 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 15 brought | aux:pass |
| 15 | brought | bring | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 reason | acl |
| 16 | to | to | ADP | _ | 17 light | case |
| 17 | light | light | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 brought | obl |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 reason | punct |
| 19 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 22 gap | cop |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 gap | det |
| 21 | lamentable | lamentable | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 22 gap | amod |
| 22 | gap | gap | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 23 | between | between | ADP | _ | 25 governing | case |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 governing | det |
| 25 | governing | governing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 gap | nmod |
| 26 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 28 classes | cc |
| 27 | recording | recording | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 classes | compound |
| 28 | classes | class | NOUN | Number=Plur | 25 governing | conj |
| 29 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 33 classes | cc |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 33 classes | det |
| 31 | dumb | dumb | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 33 classes | amod |
| 32 | working | working | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 classes | compound |
| 33 | classes | class | NOUN | Number=Plur | 25 governing | conj |
| 34 | of | of | ADP | _ | 36 country | case |
| 35 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 36 country | det |
| 36 | country | country | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 classes | nmod |
| 37 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 38 dumb | punct |
| 38 | dumb | dumb | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 22 gap | parataxis |
| 39 | to | to | ADP | _ | 40 others | case |
| 40 | others | other | NOUN | Number=Plur | 38 dumb | obl |
| 41 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 42 eloquent | cc |
| 42 | eloquent | eloquent | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 38 dumb | conj |
| 43 | among | among | ADP | _ | 44 themselves | case |
| 44 | themselves | themselves | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 42 eloquent | obl |
| 45 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 22 gap | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | imagine | present | I | the only reason not said here | vn wish-62 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot reason=Theme | ||||
| 2 | not bring | present · perfect · passive | such tales | light | hitherto property | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme to light=Destination | |||
| 3 | is a | present | the only reason | the lamentable gap | between the governing and recording classes and the dumb working classes of this country | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «English Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Project Gutenberg book 7439 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg7439/3/9/