Folk tales from Tibet, Opening, sentence 32
Owing to the extremely idiomatic form and severe compression of Tibetan metrical compositions, the translation of these songs into anything even distantly resembling poetry, without altogether destroying the characteristics of the original, presents peculiar difficulties; and I must crave indulgence for their crudeness and lack of artistic finish.
Who acts: Owing, I, songs · What happens: owe, resemble, destroy, present, crave, compress · To what, where: anything, poetry, characteristics, peculiar difficulties, indulgence, Tibetan metrical compositions
This is a sentence of «Folk tales from Tibet» by William Frederick Travers, Sir O'Connor, Opening. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Owing, I, songs), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Owing | owe | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 36 presents | csubj |
| 2 | to | to | ADP | _ | 6 form | case |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 form | det |
| 4 | extremely | extremely | ADV | _ | 5 idiomatic | advmod |
| 5 | idiomatic | idiomatic | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 form | amod |
| 6 | form | form | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Owing | obl |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 compression | cc |
| 8 | severe | severe | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 compression | amod |
| 9 | compression | compression | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 form | conj |
| 10 | of | of | ADP | _ | 13 compositions | case |
| 11 | Tibetan | Tibetan | PROPN | Number=Sing | 13 compositions | compound |
| 12 | metrical | metrical | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 compositions | amod |
| 13 | compositions | composition | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 compression | nmod |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 translation | punct |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 translation | det |
| 16 | translation | translation | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 form | conj |
| 17 | of | of | ADP | _ | 19 songs | case |
| 18 | these | this | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 19 songs | det |
| 19 | songs | song | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 translation | nmod |
| 20 | into | into | ADP | _ | 21 anything | case |
| 21 | anything | anything | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Ind | 1 Owing | obl |
| 22 | even | even | ADV | _ | 24 resembling | advmod |
| 23 | distantly | distantly | ADV | _ | 24 resembling | advmod |
| 24 | resembling | resemble | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 1 Owing | conj |
| 25 | poetry | poetry | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 resembling | obj |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 destroying | punct |
| 27 | without | without | SCONJ | _ | 29 destroying | mark |
| 28 | altogether | altogether | ADV | _ | 29 destroying | advmod |
| 29 | destroying | destroy | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 24 resembling | conj |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 characteristics | det |
| 31 | characteristics | characteristic | NOUN | Number=Plur | 29 destroying | obj |
| 32 | of | of | ADP | _ | 34 original | case |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 original | det |
| 34 | original | original | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 31 characteristics | nmod |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 presents | punct |
| 36 | presents | present | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 37 | peculiar | peculiar | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 difficulties | compound |
| 38 | difficulties | difficulty | NOUN | Number=Plur | 36 presents | obj |
| 39 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 43 crave | punct |
| 40 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 43 crave | cc |
| 41 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 43 crave | nsubj |
| 42 | must | must | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 43 crave | aux |
| 43 | crave | crave | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 36 presents | conj |
| 44 | indulgence | indulgence | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 crave | obj |
| 45 | for | for | ADP | _ | 47 crudeness | case |
| 46 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 47 crudeness | nmod:poss |
| 47 | crudeness | crudeness | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 crave | obl |
| 48 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 49 lack | cc |
| 49 | lack | lack | NOUN | Number=Sing | 47 crudeness | conj |
| 50 | of | of | ADP | _ | 52 finish | case |
| 51 | artistic | artistic | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 52 finish | amod |
| 52 | finish | finish | NOUN | Number=Sing | 49 lack | nmod |
| 53 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 36 presents | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | owe | gerund | anything | to the idiomatic form and severe compression of Tibetan metrical compositions and the translation of this songs goal | vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP PP.goal»: agent=Agent to form=Goal | ||||
| 2 | resemble | gerund | poetry | distantly property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | destroy | gerund | the characteristics of the original | altogether property | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent characteristic=Patient | ||||
| 4 | present | present | Owing | peculiar difficulties | vn fulfilling-13.4.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent difficulty=Theme | ||||
| 5 | crave | must | I | indulgence | for SONGS's crudeness and lack of artistic finish | vn want-32.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot indulgence=Theme | |||
| 6 | compress | Tibetan metrical compositions | nom compression «event transitive»: of=patient | ||||||
| 7 | translate | this songs | nom translation «communication intransitive»: of=agent | ||||||
| 8 | lack | artistic finish | nom lack «state transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Folk tales from Tibet» by William Frederick Travers, Sir O'Connor, Project Gutenberg book 75000 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75000/1/32/