Folk tales from Tibet, The Story of How the Hare Made a Fool of the Wolf., sentence 41
I am Pen-dzong the Goat, and I and my friend Da-gye the Sheep hunted a Wolf into his lair this morning and tried to frighten him by telling him that we were going to skin him; and while I was away getting myself something to drink and eat the Wolf came out of his den and killed my poor friend Da-gye the Sheep, and then proceeded to chase me.
Who acts: I, Sheep, we, Wolf, poor friend · What happens: be, gye, hunt, try, frighten, tell · To what, where: Pen dzong, Wolf, lair, Goat, skin, myself · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Folk tales from Tibet» by William Frederick Travers, Sir O'Connor, The Story of How the Hare Made a Fool of the Wolf.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, Sheep, we, Wolf), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 5 dzong | nsubj |
| 2 | am | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 dzong | cop |
| 3 | Pen | Penn | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 dzong | compound |
| 4 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 5 dzong | punct |
| 5 | dzong | dzong | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 Goat | det |
| 7 | Goat | Goat | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 dzong | appos |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 gye | punct |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 gye | cc |
| 10 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 16 gye | nsubj |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 gye | cc |
| 12 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 13 friend | nmod:poss |
| 13 | friend | friend | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 gye | compound |
| 14 | Da | Da | PROPN | Number=Sing | 13 friend | appos |
| 15 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 14 Da | punct |
| 16 | gye | gye | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 dzong | conj |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 Sheep | det |
| 18 | Sheep | sheep | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 hunted | nsubj |
| 19 | hunted | hunt | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 gye | parataxis |
| 20 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 21 Wolf | det |
| 21 | Wolf | Wolf | PROPN | Number=Sing | 19 hunted | obj |
| 22 | into | into | ADP | _ | 24 lair | case |
| 23 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 24 lair | nmod:poss |
| 24 | lair | lair | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 hunted | obl |
| 25 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 26 morning | det |
| 26 | morning | morning | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 hunted | obl:unmarked |
| 27 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 28 tried | cc |
| 28 | tried | try | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 19 hunted | conj |
| 29 | to | to | PART | _ | 30 frighten | mark |
| 30 | frighten | frighten | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 28 tried | xcomp |
| 31 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 30 frighten | obj |
| 32 | by | by | SCONJ | _ | 33 telling | mark |
| 33 | telling | tell | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 30 frighten | advcl |
| 34 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 33 telling | iobj |
| 35 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 38 going | mark |
| 36 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 38 going | nsubj |
| 37 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 38 going | aux |
| 38 | going | go | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 33 telling | ccomp |
| 39 | to | to | PART | _ | 40 skin | mark |
| 40 | skin | skin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 going | obj |
| 41 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 40 skin | nmod:unmarked |
| 42 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 50 something | punct |
| 43 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 48 getting | cc |
| 44 | while | while | SCONJ | _ | 48 getting | mark |
| 45 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 48 getting | nsubj |
| 46 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 48 getting | aux |
| 47 | away | away | ADV | _ | 48 getting | advmod |
| 48 | getting | get | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 50 something | amod |
| 49 | myself | myself | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 48 getting | obj |
| 50 | something | something | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Ind | 5 dzong | conj |
| 51 | to | to | PART | _ | 52 drink | mark |
| 52 | drink | drink | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 50 something | acl |
| 53 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 54 eat | cc |
| 54 | eat | eat | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 52 drink | conj |
| 55 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 56 Wolf | det |
| 56 | Wolf | Wolf | PROPN | Number=Sing | 57 came | nsubj |
| 57 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 54 eat | ccomp |
| 58 | out | out | ADP | _ | 61 den | case |
| 59 | of | of | ADP | _ | 61 den | case |
| 60 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 61 den | nmod:poss |
| 61 | den | den | NOUN | Number=Sing | 57 came | obl |
| 62 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 63 killed | cc |
| 63 | killed | kill | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 57 came | conj |
| 64 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 66 friend | nmod:poss |
| 65 | poor | poor | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 66 friend | amod |
| 66 | friend | friend | NOUN | Number=Sing | 69 gye | nsubj |
| 67 | Da | Da | PROPN | Number=Sing | 69 gye | compound |
| 68 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 69 gye | punct |
| 69 | gye | gye | NOUN | Number=Sing | 63 killed | ccomp |
| 70 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 71 Sheep | det |
| 71 | Sheep | sheep | NOUN | Number=Plur | 69 gye | conj |
| 72 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 75 proceeded | punct |
| 73 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 75 proceeded | cc |
| 74 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 75 proceeded | advmod |
| 75 | proceeded | proceed | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 dzong | parataxis |
| 76 | to | to | PART | _ | 77 chase | mark |
| 77 | chase | chase | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 75 proceeded | xcomp |
| 78 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 77 chase | obj |
| 79 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 dzong | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | I | Pen dzong and friend gye | the Goat appos; something conj | tree rules | |||
| 2 | gye | I | tree rules | ||||||
| 3 | hunt | past | the Sheep | a Wolf | Goat's lair | morning | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wolf=Theme | ||
| 4 | try | past | the Sheep not said here | vn try-61.1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 5 | frighten not said to happen | to-infinitive | the Sheep not said here | Goat | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus he=Experiencer | ||||
| 6 | tell speech: assert | gerund | the Sheep not said here | Goat | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent he=Recipient clause=Topic | ||||
| 7 | go | past · progressive | we | skin Goat | vn meander-47.7 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location skin=Theme | ||||
| 8 | get | past · progressive | I | myself | away property | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer myself=Stimulus | |||
| 9 | drink | to-infinitive | I not said here | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 10 | eat | infinitive | I not said here | tree rules | |||||
| 11 | come out | past | the Wolf | Goat's den | vn become-109.1 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Patient den=Result | ||||
| 12 | kill | past | the Wolf not said here | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 13 | gye | my poor friend | the Sheep conj | tree rules | |||||
| 14 | proceed | past | then | vn begin-55.1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 15 | chase | to-infinitive | me | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent i=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Folk tales from Tibet» by William Frederick Travers, Sir O'Connor, Project Gutenberg book 75000 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75000/12/41/