Folk tales from Tibet, The Story of the Stone Lion., sentence 14
Next morning, shouldering his axe, he started off again, and as before, began to chop wood.
Who acts: Next morning, boy · What happens: shoulder, start off, begin, chop · To what, where: axe, wood
This is a sentence of «Folk tales from Tibet» by William Frederick Travers, Sir O'Connor, The Story of the Stone Lion.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Next morning, boy), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Next | next | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 morning | amod |
| 2 | morning | morning | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 started | obl:unmarked |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 shouldering | punct |
| 4 | shouldering | shoulder | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 2 morning | acl |
| 5 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 6 axe | nmod:poss |
| 6 | axe | axe | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 shouldering | obj |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 morning | punct |
| 8 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 started | nsubj |
| 9 | started | start | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 10 | off | off | ADP | _ | 9 started | compound:prt |
| 11 | again | again | ADV | _ | 9 started | advmod |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 began | punct |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 began | cc |
| 14 | as | as | ADP | _ | 15 before | case |
| 15 | before | before | ADV | _ | 17 began | obl |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 before | punct |
| 17 | began | begin | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 started | conj |
| 18 | to | to | PART | _ | 19 chop | mark |
| 19 | chop | chop | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 17 began | xcomp |
| 20 | wood | wood | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 chop | obj |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 9 started | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | shoulder | gerund | Next morning not said here | boy's axe | vn pocket-9.10 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent axe=Theme | ||||
| 2 | start off | past | boy | again; morning | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | ||||
| 3 | begin | past | boy not said here | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 4 | chop | to-infinitive | boy not said here | wood | vn carve-21.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wood=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Folk tales from Tibet» by William Frederick Travers, Sir O'Connor, Project Gutenberg book 75000 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75000/18/14/