Folk tales from Tibet, How He Defeated the Enemy., sentence 10
Hither and thither rushed the horse amongst the tents of the enemy, trampling the frightened soldiers underfoot, whilst the Boy in his struggles to maintain his balance, swept his great branch to and fro with equally disastrous effect.
Who acts: Boy · What happens: rush, trample, maintain, sweep, fro, struggle · To what, where: horse, tents, frightened soldiers, balance, great branch
This is a sentence of «Folk tales from Tibet» by William Frederick Travers, Sir O'Connor, How He Defeated the Enemy.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Boy), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Hither | hither | ADV | _ | 4 rushed | advmod |
| 2 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 4 rushed | cc |
| 3 | thither | thither | ADV | _ | 4 rushed | advmod |
| 4 | rushed | rush | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 horse | det |
| 6 | horse | horse | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 rushed | obj |
| 7 | amongst | amongst | ADP | _ | 9 tents | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 tents | det |
| 9 | tents | tent | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 rushed | obl |
| 10 | of | of | ADP | _ | 12 enemy | case |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 enemy | det |
| 12 | enemy | enemy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 tents | nmod |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 trampling | punct |
| 14 | trampling | trample | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 4 rushed | advcl |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 soldiers | det |
| 16 | frightened | frightened | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 soldiers | amod |
| 17 | soldiers | soldier | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 trampling | obj |
| 18 | underfoot | underfoot | ADV | _ | 14 trampling | advmod |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 Boy | punct |
| 20 | whilst | whilst | SCONJ | _ | 22 Boy | mark |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 Boy | det |
| 22 | Boy | Boy | PROPN | Number=Sing | 14 trampling | obj |
| 23 | in | in | ADP | _ | 25 struggles | case |
| 24 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 25 struggles | nmod:poss |
| 25 | struggles | struggle | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 Boy | nmod |
| 26 | to | to | PART | _ | 27 maintain | mark |
| 27 | maintain | maintain | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 14 trampling | advcl |
| 28 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 29 balance | nmod:poss |
| 29 | balance | balance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 maintain | obj |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 swept | punct |
| 31 | swept | sweep | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 rushed | parataxis |
| 32 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 34 branch | nmod:poss |
| 33 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 34 branch | amod |
| 34 | branch | branch | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 swept | obj |
| 35 | to | to | ADP | _ | 31 swept | obl |
| 36 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 37 fro | cc |
| 37 | fro | fro | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 31 swept | conj |
| 38 | with | with | ADP | _ | 41 effect | case |
| 39 | equally | equally | ADV | _ | 40 disastrous | advmod |
| 40 | disastrous | disastrous | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 41 effect | amod |
| 41 | effect | effect | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 fro | obl |
| 42 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 rushed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | rush | past | the horse | the tents of the enemy | hither, thither property | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent horse=Theme amongst tent=Trajectory | |||
| 2 | trample | gerund | the frightened soldiers | the Boy obj; underfoot property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | maintain | to-infinitive | Boy's balance | vn declare-29.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Agent balance=Theme | |||||
| 4 | sweep | past | Boy's great branch | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme branch=Trajectory | |||||
| 5 | fro | infinitive | with disastrous effect | tree rules | |||||
| 6 | struggle | Boy | nom struggle «act intransitive»: poss=agent | ||||||
| 7 | balance | Boy | nom balance «state intransitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Folk tales from Tibet» by William Frederick Travers, Sir O'Connor, Project Gutenberg book 75000 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75000/25/10/