Gleanings from Chinese folklore, A Tartar Joan of Arc, sentence 14
Her parents laid their commands upon her until at last she yielded so far as to say, “I will marry none but the man who can defeat me in my own mountains.”
Who acts: parents, Ting · What happens: lay, yield, say, marry, defeat, command · To what, where: commands, last, none, Ting, own mountains · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, A Tartar Joan of Arc. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (parents, Ting), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 2 parents | nmod:poss |
| 2 | parents | parent | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 laid | nsubj |
| 3 | laid | lay | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 5 commands | nmod:poss |
| 5 | commands | command | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 laid | obj |
| 6 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 7 her | case |
| 7 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 3 laid | obj |
| 8 | until | until | SCONJ | _ | 12 yielded | mark |
| 9 | at | at | ADP | _ | 10 last | case |
| 10 | last | last | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 yielded | obl |
| 11 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 yielded | nsubj |
| 12 | yielded | yield | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 laid | advcl |
| 13 | so | so | ADV | _ | 14 far | advmod |
| 14 | far | far | ADV | Degree=Pos | 12 yielded | advmod |
| 15 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 17 say | mark |
| 16 | to | to | PART | _ | 17 say | mark |
| 17 | say | say | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 14 far | advcl |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 marry | punct |
| 19 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 22 marry | punct |
| 20 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 22 marry | nsubj |
| 21 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 22 marry | aux |
| 22 | marry | marry | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 17 say | conj |
| 23 | none | none | PRON | PronType=Neg | 22 marry | obj |
| 24 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 26 man | cc |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 man | det |
| 26 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 none | conj |
| 27 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 29 defeat | nsubj |
| 28 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 29 defeat | aux |
| 29 | defeat | defeat | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 23 none | acl:relcl |
| 30 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 29 defeat | obj |
| 31 | in | in | ADP | _ | 34 mountains | case |
| 32 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 34 mountains | nmod:poss |
| 33 | own | own | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 34 mountains | amod |
| 34 | mountains | mountain | NOUN | Number=Plur | 29 defeat | obl |
| 35 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 laid | punct |
| 36 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 3 laid | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | lay | past | Ting's parents | parents's commands | Ting obj | vn put_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Agent command=Theme her=Destination | |||
| 2 | yield | past | Ting | last | far property | vn acquiesce-95.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||
| 3 | say speech: assert | to-infinitive | Ting not said here | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | marry in a quote | future | Ting | none the man | vn amalgamate-22.2-3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent none=Patient | ||||
| 5 | defeat in a quote | can | Ting | my own mountains | who nsubj | tree rules | |||
| 6 | command | parents = parent | nom command «communication transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, Project Gutenberg book 75089 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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