Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, How Oliver Fought With Fierabras, sentence 11
Oliver answered, "You could not have adjured me by greater things than this same font and cross; know therefore that I am Oliver, the son of Reyner, close comrade of Roland, and one of the Twelve Peers of France."
Who acts: Oliver, You · What happens: answer, not adjure, know, be · To what, where: Oliver · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How Oliver Fought With Fierabras. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Oliver, You), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Oliver | Oliver | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 answered | nsubj |
| 2 | answered | answer | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 adjured | punct |
| 4 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 9 adjured | punct |
| 5 | You | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 9 adjured | nsubj |
| 6 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 9 adjured | aux |
| 7 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 9 adjured | advmod |
| 8 | have | have | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 9 adjured | aux |
| 9 | adjured | adjure | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 2 answered | ccomp |
| 10 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 9 adjured | obj |
| 11 | by | by | ADP | _ | 13 things | case |
| 12 | greater | great | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 13 things | amod |
| 13 | things | thing | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 adjured | obl |
| 14 | than | than | ADP | _ | 17 font | case |
| 15 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 17 font | det |
| 16 | same | same | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 font | amod |
| 17 | font | font | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 things | nmod |
| 18 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 cross | cc |
| 19 | cross | cross | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 font | conj |
| 20 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 21 know | punct |
| 21 | know | know | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 2 answered | conj |
| 22 | therefore | therefore | ADV | _ | 21 know | advmod |
| 23 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 26 Oliver | mark |
| 24 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 26 Oliver | nsubj |
| 25 | am | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 26 Oliver | cop |
| 26 | Oliver | Oliver | PROPN | Number=Sing | 21 know | obl |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 son | punct |
| 28 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 son | det |
| 29 | son | son | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 Oliver | appos |
| 30 | of | of | ADP | _ | 31 Reyner | case |
| 31 | Reyner | Reyner | PROPN | Number=Sing | 29 son | nmod |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 comrade | punct |
| 33 | close | close | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 34 comrade | amod |
| 34 | comrade | comrade | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 Oliver | appos |
| 35 | of | of | ADP | _ | 36 Roland | case |
| 36 | Roland | Roland | PROPN | Number=Sing | 34 comrade | nmod |
| 37 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 39 one | punct |
| 38 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 39 one | cc |
| 39 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 2 answered | conj |
| 40 | of | of | ADP | _ | 43 Peers | case |
| 41 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 43 Peers | det |
| 42 | Twelve | twelve | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 43 Peers | nummod |
| 43 | Peers | Peer | PROPN | Number=Plur | 39 one | nmod |
| 44 | of | of | ADP | _ | 45 France | case |
| 45 | France | France | PROPN | Number=Sing | 43 Peers | nmod |
| 46 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 answered | punct |
| 47 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 answered | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | answer speech: assert | past | Oliver | one of the Twelve Peers of France conj | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | not adjure in a quote | could · perfect | You | Oliver | by greater things than this same font and cross | tree rules | |||
| 3 | know in a quote | infinitive | Oliver not said here | therefore property | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | ||||
| 4 | is a in a quote | present | Oliver | Oliver | the son of Reyner appos; close comrade of Roland appos | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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