Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, Of Richard of Normandy, sentence 108

But Aloys, one of the friends of Ganelon, answered, "You lie, Duke Reyner; were it not that the King is here, this is the last word that you should say.

Who acts: Aloys, You, King, realm · What happens: answer, lie, be, not be, say · To what, where: Duke, last word · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Of Richard of Normandy. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Aloys, You, King, realm), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	But	but	CCONJ	_	11 answered	cc
2	Aloys	Aloy	PROPN	Number=Plur	11 answered	nsubj
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 one	punct
4	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	2 Aloys	nmod
5	of	of	ADP	_	7 friends	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 friends	det
7	friends	friend	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 one	nmod
8	of	of	ADP	_	9 Ganelon	case
9	Ganelon	Ganelon	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 friends	nmod
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 answered	punct
11	answered	answer	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 lie	punct
13	"	"	PUNCT	_	15 lie	punct
14	You	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	15 lie	nsubj
15	lie	lie	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 answered	ccomp
16	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 Duke	punct
17	Duke	Duke	PROPN	Number=Sing	15 lie	obl
18	Reyner	Reyner	PROPN	Number=Sing	17 Duke	flat
19	;	;	PUNCT	_	33 word	punct
20	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	33 word	cop
21	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	33 word	nsubj
22	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	33 word	advmod
23	that	that	SCONJ	_	27 here	mark
24	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	25 King	det
25	King	King	PROPN	Number=Sing	27 here	nsubj
26	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	27 here	cop
27	here	here	ADV	PronType=Dem	33 word	advcl
28	,	,	PUNCT	_	27 here	punct
29	this	this	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	33 word	nsubj
30	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	33 word	cop
31	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	33 word	det
32	last	last	ADJ	Degree=Pos	33 word	amod
33	word	word	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 answered	obl
34	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	37 say	obj
35	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	37 say	nsubj
36	should	should	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	37 say	aux
37	say	say	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	33 word	acl:relcl
38	.	.	PUNCT	_	11 answered	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	answer speech: assert	past	Aloys one of the friends of Ganelon			tree rules
2	lie in a quote	present	You	Duke		vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	is in a quote	present	the King		here property	tree rules
4	not is a in a quote	past	realm	the last word	this nsubj	tree rules
5	say speech: assert in a quote	should	you	the last word		vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent that=Topic

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

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🌲 Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, Of Richard of Normandy, sentence 108

The tree

Pragmatics

Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, Of Richard of Normandy, sentence 108