Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, Of Richard of Normandy, sentence 99
It is true that many valiant peers and knights have perished, but they have left children behind them, and these, when they have grown to man's estate, will do those things wherein their fathers have failed.
Who acts: town, peers, these, fathers · What happens: be, perish, leave, grow, do, fail · To what, where: many valiant peers, children, estate, things
This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Of Richard of Normandy. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (town, peers, these, fathers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 true | nsubj |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 true | cop |
| 3 | true | true | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 4 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 11 perished | mark |
| 5 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 peers | amod |
| 6 | valiant | valiant | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 peers | amod |
| 7 | peers | peer | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 perished | nsubj:pass |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 knights | cc |
| 9 | knights | knight | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 peers | conj |
| 10 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 11 perished | aux |
| 11 | perished | perish | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 true | advcl |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 left | punct |
| 13 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 16 left | cc |
| 14 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 left | nsubj |
| 15 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 16 left | aux |
| 16 | left | leave | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 3 true | parataxis |
| 17 | children | child | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 left | obj |
| 18 | behind | behind | ADP | _ | 19 them | case |
| 19 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 left | obl |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 do | punct |
| 21 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 34 do | cc |
| 22 | these | this | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 34 do | nsubj:outer |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 grown | punct |
| 24 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 27 grown | advmod |
| 25 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 27 grown | nsubj |
| 26 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 27 grown | aux |
| 27 | grown | grow | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 22 these | acl |
| 28 | to | to | PART | _ | 31 estate | mark |
| 29 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 estate | nmod:poss |
| 30 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 29 man | case |
| 31 | estate | estate | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 grown | xcomp |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 these | punct |
| 33 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 34 do | aux |
| 34 | do | do | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 true | parataxis |
| 35 | those | that | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 36 things | det |
| 36 | things | thing | NOUN | Number=Plur | 34 do | obj |
| 37 | wherein | wherein | ADV | PronType=Int | 41 failed | advmod |
| 38 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 39 fathers | nmod:poss |
| 39 | fathers | father | NOUN | Number=Plur | 41 failed | nsubj |
| 40 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 41 failed | aux |
| 41 | failed | fail | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 34 do | advcl |
| 42 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 true | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | town | true property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | perish | present · perfect · passive | many valiant peers and knights | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | leave | present · perfect | peers = peer | children | behind children = child | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent child=Theme behind they=Location | |||
| 4 | grow | present · perfect | peers = peer | man's estate | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 5 | do | future | these | that things | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thing=Eventuality | ||||
| 6 | fail | present · perfect | peers's fathers | wherein property | vn succeed-74-3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/24/99/