Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, How Oliver Was Slain, sentence 36
And the Caliph, spurring his horse, rode against Oliver and smote him in the middle of his back, making his spear pass right through him. "
Who acts: Caliph, spear · What happens: spur, ride, smite, make, pass · To what, where: horse, middle, spear
This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How Oliver Was Slain. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Caliph, spear), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 rode | cc |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 Caliph | det |
| 3 | Caliph | Caliph | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 rode | nsubj |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 spurring | punct |
| 5 | spurring | spur | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 3 Caliph | acl |
| 6 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 7 horse | nmod:poss |
| 7 | horse | horse | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 spurring | obj |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 Caliph | punct |
| 9 | rode | ride | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 10 | against | against | ADP | _ | 11 Oliver | case |
| 11 | Oliver | Oliver | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 rode | obl |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 smote | cc |
| 13 | smote | smite | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 rode | conj |
| 14 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 smote | obj |
| 15 | in | in | ADP | _ | 17 middle | case |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 middle | det |
| 17 | middle | middle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 smote | obl |
| 18 | of | of | ADP | _ | 20 back | case |
| 19 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 20 back | nmod:poss |
| 20 | back | back | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 middle | nmod |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 making | punct |
| 22 | making | make | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 13 smote | advcl |
| 23 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 24 spear | nmod:poss |
| 24 | spear | spear | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 making | obj |
| 25 | pass | pass | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 22 making | xcomp |
| 26 | right | right | ADV | _ | 28 him | advmod |
| 27 | through | through | ADP | _ | 28 him | case |
| 28 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 25 pass | obl |
| 29 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 9 rode | punct |
| 30 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 9 rode | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | spur | gerund | the Caliph not said here | Caliph's horse | vn stimulate-59.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent horse=Patient | ||||
| 2 | ride | past | the Caliph | against Oliver | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | smite | past | the Caliph not said here | horse | the middle of Caliph's back | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus he=Experiencer | |||
| 4 | make | gerund | the Caliph not said here | Caliph's spear | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | pass | present | Caliph's spear not said here | through Caliph | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme through he=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/33/36/