Legends of the conquest of Spain, Chapter IX., sentence 18
Still he possessed the caution of a veteran, and feared to engage in an enterprise of such moment, and to carry his arms into another division of the globe, without the approbation of his sovereign.
Who acts: land · What happens: possess, fear, engage, carry, approbate · To what, where: caution, enterprise, arms, division, sovereign
This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Chapter IX.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (land), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Still | still | ADV | _ | 3 possessed | advmod |
| 2 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 possessed | nsubj |
| 3 | possessed | possess | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 caution | det |
| 5 | caution | caution | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 possessed | obj |
| 6 | of | of | ADP | _ | 8 veteran | case |
| 7 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 8 veteran | det |
| 8 | veteran | veteran | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 caution | nmod |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 feared | punct |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 feared | cc |
| 11 | feared | fear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 possessed | conj |
| 12 | to | to | PART | _ | 13 engage | mark |
| 13 | engage | engage | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 11 feared | xcomp |
| 14 | in | in | ADP | _ | 16 enterprise | case |
| 15 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 16 enterprise | det |
| 16 | enterprise | enterprise | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 engage | obl |
| 17 | of | of | ADP | _ | 19 moment | case |
| 18 | such | such | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 moment | amod |
| 19 | moment | moment | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 enterprise | nmod |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 carry | punct |
| 21 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 carry | cc |
| 22 | to | to | PART | _ | 23 carry | mark |
| 23 | carry | carry | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 possessed | conj |
| 24 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 25 arms | nmod:poss |
| 25 | arms | arm | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 carry | obj |
| 26 | into | into | ADP | _ | 28 division | case |
| 27 | another | another | DET | PronType=Ind | 28 division | det |
| 28 | division | division | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 carry | obl |
| 29 | of | of | ADP | _ | 31 globe | case |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 globe | det |
| 31 | globe | globe | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 division | nmod |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 approbation | punct |
| 33 | without | without | ADP | _ | 35 approbation | case |
| 34 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 approbation | det |
| 35 | approbation | approbation | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 carry | obl |
| 36 | of | of | ADP | _ | 38 sovereign | case |
| 37 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 38 sovereign | nmod:poss |
| 38 | sovereign | sovereign | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 approbation | nmod |
| 39 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 possessed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | possess | past | land | the caution of a veteran | still | vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot caution=Theme | |||
| 2 | fear | past | land not said here | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | |||||
| 3 | engage | to-infinitive | land not said here | in a enterprise of such moment goal | vn involve-107.1 «NP V NP PP.goal»: agent=Agent in enterprise=Goal | ||||
| 4 | carry | to-infinitive | land not said here | land's arms | another division of the globe | without the approbation of land's sovereign | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent arm=Theme | ||
| 5 | approbate | land's sovereign | nom approbation «feeling transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/10/18/