Legends of the conquest of Spain, Letter of Muza to the Caliph.—second Expedition of Taric El Tuerto., sentence 50
They seem to have fallen from the clouds, for they have no ships.
Who acts: legions · What happens: seem, fall, have · To what, where: clouds, ships
This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Letter of Muza to the Caliph.—second Expedition of Taric El Tuerto.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (legions), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | They | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 seem | nsubj |
| 2 | seem | seem | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | to | to | PART | _ | 5 fallen | mark |
| 4 | have | have | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 5 fallen | aux |
| 5 | fallen | fall | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 2 seem | xcomp |
| 6 | from | from | ADP | _ | 8 clouds | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 clouds | det |
| 8 | clouds | cloud | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 fallen | obl |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 have | punct |
| 10 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 12 have | mark |
| 11 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 have | nsubj |
| 12 | have | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 seem | conj |
| 13 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 14 ships | det |
| 14 | ships | ship | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 have | obj |
| 15 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 seem | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | seem | present | legions = legion | vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Theme clause=Attribute | |||||
| 2 | fall | to-infinitive · perfect | legions = legion not said here | the clouds | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from cloud=Initial_Location | ||||
| 3 | have | present | legions = legion | no ships | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ship=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/11/50/