Legends of the conquest of Spain, Terror of the Country.—roderick Rouses Himself to Arms., sentence 32
“As yet,” said he, “their number is but limited; but every day new hosts arrive, like flocks of locusts, from Africa.
Who acts: counsel, number, day new hosts · What happens: say, be, arrive · To what, where: Africa · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Terror of the Country.—roderick Rouses Himself to Arms.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (counsel, number, day new hosts), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 6 said | punct |
| 2 | As | as | ADV | ExtPos=ADV | 6 said | advmod |
| 3 | yet | yet | ADV | _ | 2 As | fixed |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 As | punct |
| 5 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 As | punct |
| 6 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 6 said | nsubj |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 limited | punct |
| 9 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 14 limited | punct |
| 10 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 11 number | nmod:poss |
| 11 | number | number | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 limited | nsubj |
| 12 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 14 limited | cop |
| 13 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 14 limited | cc |
| 14 | limited | limited | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 said | conj |
| 15 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 21 arrive | punct |
| 16 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 21 arrive | cc |
| 17 | every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 18 day | det |
| 18 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 hosts | compound |
| 19 | new | new | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 hosts | amod |
| 20 | hosts | host | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 arrive | nsubj |
| 21 | arrive | arrive | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 said | parataxis |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 flocks | punct |
| 23 | like | like | ADP | _ | 24 flocks | case |
| 24 | flocks | flock | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 arrive | obl |
| 25 | of | of | ADP | _ | 26 locusts | case |
| 26 | locusts | locust | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 flocks | nmod |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 Africa | punct |
| 28 | from | from | ADP | _ | 29 Africa | case |
| 29 | Africa | Africa | PROPN | Number=Sing | 21 arrive | obl |
| 30 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | past | counsel | yet | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||||
| 2 | is in a quote | present | cavaliers's number | limited property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | arrive in a quote | present | day new hosts | Africa | like flocks of locusts | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from africa=Initial_Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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