Legends of the conquest of Spain, Skirmishing of the Armies.—pelistes and His Son.—pelistes and the Bishop., sentence 10
All this is said to have been devised by the perfidious Bishop Oppas, who had secret communications with the enemy, while he influenced the councils of the king; and who trusted that by this skirmishing warfare the power of the Christian troops would be cut off, and the rest disheartened.
Who acts: perfidious Bishop, body, skirmishing warfare · What happens: say, devise, have, influence, trust, cut off · To what, where: this, secret communications, councils, power, rest · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Skirmishing of the Armies.—pelistes and His Son.—pelistes and the Bishop.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (perfidious Bishop, body, skirmishing warfare), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | All | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 4 said | det:predet |
| 2 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 4 said | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 said | aux:pass |
| 4 | said | say | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 5 | to | to | PART | _ | 8 devised | mark |
| 6 | have | have | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 8 devised | aux |
| 7 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 8 devised | aux:pass |
| 8 | devised | devise | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 said | ccomp |
| 9 | by | by | ADP | _ | 12 Bishop | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 Bishop | det |
| 11 | perfidious | perfidious | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 Bishop | amod |
| 12 | Bishop | Bishop | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 devised | obl |
| 13 | Oppas | Oppas | PROPN | Number=Sing | 12 Bishop | flat |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 had | punct |
| 15 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 16 had | nsubj |
| 16 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 Bishop | acl:relcl |
| 17 | secret | secret | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 communications | amod |
| 18 | communications | communication | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 had | obj |
| 19 | with | with | ADP | _ | 21 enemy | case |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 enemy | det |
| 21 | enemy | enemy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 communications | nmod |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 influenced | punct |
| 23 | while | while | SCONJ | _ | 25 influenced | mark |
| 24 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 25 influenced | nsubj |
| 25 | influenced | influence | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 devised | conj |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 councils | det |
| 27 | councils | council | NOUN | Number=Plur | 25 influenced | obj |
| 28 | of | of | ADP | _ | 30 king | case |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 king | det |
| 30 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 councils | nmod |
| 31 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 34 trusted | punct |
| 32 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 34 trusted | cc |
| 33 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 34 trusted | nsubj |
| 34 | trusted | trust | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 said | parataxis |
| 35 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 48 cut | mark |
| 36 | by | by | ADP | _ | 39 warfare | case |
| 37 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 39 warfare | det |
| 38 | skirmishing | skirmishing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 warfare | compound |
| 39 | warfare | warfare | NOUN | Number=Sing | 48 cut | obl |
| 40 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 41 power | det |
| 41 | power | power | NOUN | Number=Sing | 48 cut | nsubj:pass |
| 42 | of | of | ADP | _ | 45 troops | case |
| 43 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 45 troops | det |
| 44 | Christian | Christian | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 45 troops | amod |
| 45 | troops | troops | NOUN | Number=Ptan | 41 power | nmod |
| 46 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 48 cut | aux |
| 47 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 48 cut | aux:pass |
| 48 | cut | cut | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 34 trusted | advcl |
| 49 | off | off | ADP | _ | 48 cut | compound:prt |
| 50 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 54 disheartened | punct |
| 51 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 54 disheartened | cc |
| 52 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 53 rest | det |
| 53 | rest | rest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 54 disheartened | nsubj:pass |
| 54 | disheartened | dishearten | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 34 trusted | conj |
| 55 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | present · passive | this | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | devise | to-infinitive · perfect · passive | the perfidious Bishop | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | have | past | the perfidious Bishop | secret communications | with the enemy | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent communication=Patient | |||
| 4 | influence | past | body | the councils of the king | vn compel-59.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent council=Patient | ||||
| 5 | trust | past | who nsubj | vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 6 | cut off | would · passive | this skirmishing warfare | the power of the Christian troops | vn stop-55.4-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Affector subject=Eventuality | ||||
| 7 | dishearten | participle · passive | the rest | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Experiencer |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/16/10/