Legends of the conquest of Spain, Last Day of the Battle., sentence 52
He was surrounded and assailed by a multitude of his own traitorous subjects, but defended himself with wondrous prowess.
What happens: surround, assail, defend · To what, where: courage
This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Last Day of the Battle.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 surrounded | nsubj:pass |
| 2 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 surrounded | aux:pass |
| 3 | surrounded | surround | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 4 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 5 assailed | cc |
| 5 | assailed | assail | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 surrounded | conj |
| 6 | by | by | ADP | _ | 8 multitude | case |
| 7 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 8 multitude | det |
| 8 | multitude | multitude | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 assailed | obl |
| 9 | of | of | ADP | _ | 13 subjects | case |
| 10 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 13 subjects | nmod:poss |
| 11 | own | own | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 subjects | amod |
| 12 | traitorous | traitorous | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 subjects | amod |
| 13 | subjects | subject | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 multitude | nmod |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 defended | punct |
| 15 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 16 defended | cc |
| 16 | defended | defend | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 surrounded | conj |
| 17 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 16 defended | obj |
| 18 | with | with | ADP | _ | 20 prowess | case |
| 19 | wondrous | wondrous | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 prowess | amod |
| 20 | prowess | prowess | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 defended | obl |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 surrounded | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | surround | past · passive | courage | vn contiguous_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: subject=Co-Theme | |||||
| 2 | assail | participle | by a multitude of courage's own traitorous subjects | vn attack-60.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | defend | past | courage | with wondrous prowess | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent himself=Beneficiary |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/18/52/