Legends of the conquest of Spain, Meeting Between the Patriot Pelistes and the Traitor Julian., sentence 10
I could mourn over the loss of my companions in arms, but they have fallen with honour, and are spared the wretchedness I feel in witnessing the thraldom of my country.
Who acts: I, cavaliers · What happens: mourn, fall, spare, feel, witness · To what, where: loss, wretchedness, thraldom
This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Meeting Between the Patriot Pelistes and the Traitor Julian.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, cavaliers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 3 mourn | nsubj |
| 2 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 3 mourn | aux |
| 3 | mourn | mourn | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 4 | over | over | ADP | _ | 6 loss | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 loss | det |
| 6 | loss | loss | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 mourn | obl |
| 7 | of | of | ADP | _ | 9 companions | case |
| 8 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 9 companions | nmod:poss |
| 9 | companions | companion | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 loss | nmod |
| 10 | in | in | ADP | _ | 11 arms | case |
| 11 | arms | arm | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 companions | nmod |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 fallen | punct |
| 13 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 16 fallen | cc |
| 14 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 fallen | nsubj |
| 15 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 16 fallen | aux |
| 16 | fallen | fall | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 3 mourn | parataxis |
| 17 | with | with | ADP | _ | 18 honour | case |
| 18 | honour | honour | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 fallen | obl |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 spared | punct |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 spared | cc |
| 21 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 22 spared | aux:pass |
| 22 | spared | spare | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 16 fallen | conj |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 wretchedness | det |
| 24 | wretchedness | wretchedness | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 spared | obj |
| 25 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 26 feel | nsubj |
| 26 | feel | feel | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 24 wretchedness | acl:relcl |
| 27 | in | in | SCONJ | _ | 28 witnessing | mark |
| 28 | witnessing | witness | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 26 feel | advcl |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 thraldom | det |
| 30 | thraldom | thraldom | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 witnessing | obj |
| 31 | of | of | ADP | _ | 33 country | case |
| 32 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 33 country | nmod:poss |
| 33 | country | country | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 thraldom | nmod |
| 34 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 mourn | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | mourn | could | I | the loss of my companions in arms | vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | ||||
| 2 | fall | present · perfect | cavaliers = cavalier | with honour | vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 3 | spare | present · passive | cavaliers = cavalier not said here | the wretchedness | vn bill-54.5 «NP V NP NP.asset»: wretchedness=Asset | ||||
| 4 | feel | present | I | the wretchedness not said here | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wretchedness=Theme | ||||
| 5 | witness | gerund | I not said here | the thraldom of my country | vn captain-29.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thraldom=Beneficiary |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/26/10/