The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age, Opening, part 13, sentence 180
So close that fight, their crests That waved defiance, mingled in mid air; While all along the circles of their shields, And all adown their swords, viewless for speed Ran, mad with rage, the demons of dark moors And war-sprites of the valleys, Bocanachs And Banacahs, whose scream, so keen its edge, Might shear the centuried forest as the scythe Shears meadow grass.
Who acts: you, crests, circles, scythe, Bocanachs · What happens: close, wave, mingle, adown, shear, century · To what, where: fight, defiance, mid air, swords, centuried forest, meadow grass
This is a sentence of «The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age» by Aubrey De Vere, Opening, part 13. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, crests, circles, scythe), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | So | so | ADV | _ | 2 close | advmod |
| 2 | close | close | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | that | that | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 4 fight | det |
| 4 | fight | fight | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 close | obj |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 crests | punct |
| 6 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 7 crests | nmod:poss |
| 7 | crests | crest | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 close | obl |
| 8 | That | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 9 waved | nsubj |
| 9 | waved | wave | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 crests | acl:relcl |
| 10 | defiance | defiance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 waved | obj |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 mingled | punct |
| 12 | mingled | mingle | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 10 defiance | acl |
| 13 | in | in | ADP | _ | 15 air | case |
| 14 | mid | mid | X | _ | 15 air | compound |
| 15 | air | air | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 mingled | obl |
| 16 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 21 circles | punct |
| 17 | While | while | SCONJ | _ | 18 all | mark |
| 18 | all | all | ADV | _ | 21 circles | advcl |
| 19 | along | along | ADP | _ | 21 circles | case |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 circles | det |
| 21 | circles | circle | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 close | obl |
| 22 | of | of | ADP | _ | 24 shields | case |
| 23 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 24 shields | nmod:poss |
| 24 | shields | shield | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 circles | nmod |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 adown | punct |
| 26 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 28 adown | cc |
| 27 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 28 adown | advmod |
| 28 | adown | adown | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 21 circles | parataxis |
| 29 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 30 swords | nmod:poss |
| 30 | swords | sword | NOUN | Number=Plur | 28 adown | obj |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 viewless | punct |
| 32 | viewless | viewless | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 circles | parataxis |
| 33 | for | for | ADP | _ | 35 Ran | case |
| 34 | speed | speed | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 Ran | compound |
| 35 | Ran | Ran | PROPN | Number=Sing | 32 viewless | obl |
| 36 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 37 mad | punct |
| 37 | mad | mad | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 32 viewless | conj |
| 38 | with | with | ADP | _ | 39 rage | case |
| 39 | rage | rage | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 mad | obl |
| 40 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 42 demons | punct |
| 41 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 42 demons | det |
| 42 | demons | demon | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 circles | conj |
| 43 | of | of | ADP | _ | 45 moors | case |
| 44 | dark | dark | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 45 moors | amod |
| 45 | moors | moor | NOUN | Number=Plur | 42 demons | nmod |
| 46 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 49 sprites | cc |
| 47 | war | war | NOUN | Number=Sing | 49 sprites | compound |
| 48 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 47 war | punct |
| 49 | sprites | sprite | NOUN | Number=Plur | 45 moors | conj |
| 50 | of | of | ADP | _ | 52 valleys | case |
| 51 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 52 valleys | det |
| 52 | valleys | valley | NOUN | Number=Plur | 49 sprites | nmod |
| 53 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 54 Bocanachs | punct |
| 54 | Bocanachs | Bocanachs | PROPN | Number=Sing | 52 valleys | appos |
| 55 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 56 Banacahs | cc |
| 56 | Banacahs | Banacahs | PROPN | Number=Sing | 54 Bocanachs | conj |
| 57 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 59 scream | punct |
| 58 | whose | whose | PRON | Poss=Yes PronType=Rel | 59 scream | nmod:poss |
| 59 | scream | scream | NOUN | Number=Sing | 54 Bocanachs | appos |
| 60 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 62 keen | punct |
| 61 | so | so | ADV | _ | 62 keen | advmod |
| 62 | keen | keen | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 circles | conj |
| 63 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 64 edge | nmod:poss |
| 64 | edge | edge | NOUN | Number=Sing | 62 keen | nsubj |
| 65 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 67 shear | punct |
| 66 | Might | might | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 67 shear | aux |
| 67 | shear | shear | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 21 circles | acl:relcl |
| 68 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 70 forest | det |
| 69 | centuried | century | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 70 forest | amod |
| 70 | forest | forest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 67 shear | obj |
| 71 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 74 Shears | mark |
| 72 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 73 scythe | det |
| 73 | scythe | scythe | NOUN | Number=Sing | 74 Shears | nsubj |
| 74 | Shears | shear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 67 shear | advcl |
| 75 | meadow | meadow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 76 grass | compound |
| 76 | grass | grass | NOUN | Number=Sing | 74 Shears | obj |
| 77 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 close | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | close | imperative | you not said here | that fight | along the circles of feet's shields and the demons of dark moors and war sprites of the valleys; feet's crests obl | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fight=Patient | |||
| 2 | wave | past | feet's crests | defiance | vn wink-40.3.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent defiance=Patient | ||||
| 3 | mingle | participle | defiance not said here | mid air | vn mix-22.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient | ||||
| 4 | adown | present | feet's swords | tree rules | |||||
| 5 | shear | might | the circles of feet's shields and the demons of dark moors and war sprites of the valleys not said here | the centuried forest | vn wipe_instr-10.4.2-1 «NP V NP.initial_location»: agent=Agent forest=Initial_Location | ||||
| 6 | century | participle | tree rules | ||||||
| 7 | shear | present | the scythe | meadow grass | vn wipe_instr-10.4.2-1 «NP V NP.initial_location»: agent=Agent grass=Initial_Location | ||||
| 8 | scream | Bocanachs and Banacahs | nom scream «communication intransitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age» by Aubrey De Vere, Project Gutenberg book 78491 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg78491/13/180/