Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems, Opening, part 14, sentence 110
On that same day a little lad who scarce could walk unhelped, Tottered and crawled away from camp until he lost the path And passed the cold and bitter night afar out in the bush.
Who acts: little lad, lad · What happens: walk, unhelp, totter, crawl away, lose, pass · To what, where: little lad, camp, path, cold night afar, bush
This is a sentence of «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Opening, part 14. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (little lad, lad), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | On | on | ADP | _ | 4 day | case |
| 2 | that | that | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 4 day | det |
| 3 | same | same | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 day | amod |
| 4 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 unhelped | obl |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 lad | det |
| 6 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 lad | amod |
| 7 | lad | lad | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 unhelped | nsubj:pass |
| 8 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 11 walk | nsubj |
| 9 | scarce | scarce | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 11 walk | nsubj |
| 10 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 11 walk | aux |
| 11 | walk | walk | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 7 lad | acl:relcl |
| 12 | unhelped | unhelp | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 Tottered | punct |
| 14 | Tottered | totter | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 12 unhelped | conj |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 crawled | cc |
| 16 | crawled | crawl | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 12 unhelped | conj |
| 17 | away | away | ADV | _ | 16 crawled | advmod |
| 18 | from | from | ADP | _ | 19 camp | case |
| 19 | camp | camp | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 crawled | obl |
| 20 | until | until | SCONJ | _ | 22 lost | mark |
| 21 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 22 lost | nsubj |
| 22 | lost | lose | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 crawled | advcl |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 path | det |
| 24 | path | path | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 lost | obj |
| 25 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 26 passed | cc |
| 26 | passed | pass | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 22 lost | conj |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 32 afar | det |
| 28 | cold | cold | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 32 afar | amod |
| 29 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 30 bitter | cc |
| 30 | bitter | bitter | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 28 cold | conj |
| 31 | night | night | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 afar | compound |
| 32 | afar | afar | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 passed | obj |
| 33 | out | out | ADV | _ | 26 passed | advmod |
| 34 | in | in | ADP | _ | 36 bush | case |
| 35 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 36 bush | det |
| 36 | bush | bush | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 passed | obl |
| 37 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 12 unhelped | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | walk | could | a little lad | scarce nsubj | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 2 | unhelp | participle · passive | a little lad | day | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | totter | participle | vn body_internal_motion-49.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 4 | crawl away | participle | camp | away property | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme from camp=Trajectory | ||||
| 5 | lose | past | lad | the path | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent path=Eventuality | ||||
| 6 | pass | past | lad not said here | the cold night afar | the bush | out property | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent afar=Theme in bush=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Project Gutenberg book 78673 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg78673/14/110/