Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems, Opening, part 5, sentence 45
The dark and evil demon, The sprite of the night-air, Pʾmûla named by some, From whom the gift had come, Swooped down from clouds on high, And bore his soul away To the dwelling place of darkness And men heard of him no more.
Who acts: gift, dark demon, men · What happens: name, come, swoop down, bear away, hear · To what, where: night air, clouds, soul, more
This is a sentence of «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Opening, part 5. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (gift, dark demon, men), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 demon | det |
| 2 | dark | dark | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 demon | amod |
| 3 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 4 evil | cc |
| 4 | evil | evil | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 dark | conj |
| 5 | demon | demon | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 bore | nsubj |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 sprite | punct |
| 7 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 sprite | det |
| 8 | sprite | sprite | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 demon | appos |
| 9 | of | of | ADP | _ | 13 air | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 air | det |
| 11 | night | night | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 air | compound |
| 12 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 11 night | punct |
| 13 | air | air | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 sprite | nmod |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 Pʾmûla | punct |
| 15 | Pʾmûla | Pʾmûla | PROPN | Number=Sing | 13 air | appos |
| 16 | named | name | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 13 air | acl |
| 17 | by | by | ADP | _ | 18 some | case |
| 18 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 16 named | obl |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 come | punct |
| 20 | From | from | ADP | _ | 21 whom | case |
| 21 | whom | whom | PRON | PronType=Rel | 25 come | obl |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 gift | det |
| 23 | gift | gift | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 come | nsubj |
| 24 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 25 come | aux |
| 25 | come | come | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 16 named | conj |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 Swooped | punct |
| 27 | Swooped | swoop | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 25 come | conj |
| 28 | down | down | ADP | _ | 27 Swooped | compound:prt |
| 29 | from | from | ADP | _ | 30 clouds | case |
| 30 | clouds | cloud | NOUN | Number=Plur | 27 Swooped | obl |
| 31 | on | on | ADP | _ | 32 high | case |
| 32 | high | high | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 30 clouds | nmod |
| 33 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 bore | punct |
| 34 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 35 bore | cc |
| 35 | bore | bear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 36 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 37 soul | nmod:poss |
| 37 | soul | soul | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 bore | obj |
| 38 | away | away | ADV | _ | 35 bore | advmod |
| 39 | To | to | ADP | _ | 42 place | case |
| 40 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 42 place | det |
| 41 | dwelling | dwelling | NOUN | Number=Sing | 42 place | compound |
| 42 | place | place | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 bore | obl |
| 43 | of | of | ADP | _ | 44 darkness | case |
| 44 | darkness | darkness | NOUN | Number=Sing | 42 place | nmod |
| 45 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 47 heard | cc |
| 46 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 47 heard | nsubj |
| 47 | heard | hear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 35 bore | conj |
| 48 | of | of | ADP | _ | 49 him | case |
| 49 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 47 heard | obl |
| 50 | no | no | ADV | _ | 51 more | advmod |
| 51 | more | more | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 47 heard | obj |
| 52 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 35 bore | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | name | participle | the night air not said here | by some | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | come | past · perfect | the gift | whom obl | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from whom=Initial_Location | ||||
| 3 | swoop down | participle | the gift not said here | clouds on high | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | bear away | past | the dark demon | Kulóskap's soul | to the dwelling place of darkness; away property | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent soul=Patient | |||
| 5 | hear | past | men | more | of Kulóskap | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer more=Stimulus |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Project Gutenberg book 78673 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg78673/5/45/