Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., part 1, sentence 61
The instinctive reverence of the peasantry has hitherto been a great preservative; but the spread of education has to a considerable extent impaired this kindly sentiment, and the progress of scientific farming, and the anxiety of the Royal Irish Academy to collect antiquarian trifles, have already led to the reckless destruction of too many.
Who acts: instinctive reverence, spread, considerable extent, scientific farming · What happens: have, be, impair, collect, lead, reverence · To what, where: great preservative, sentiment, antiquarian trifles, progress, peasantry, education
This is a sentence of «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (instinctive reverence, spread, considerable extent, scientific farming), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 reverence | det |
| 2 | instinctive | instinctive | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 reverence | amod |
| 3 | reverence | reverence | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 has | nsubj |
| 4 | of | of | ADP | _ | 6 peasantry | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 peasantry | det |
| 6 | peasantry | peasantry | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 reverence | nmod |
| 7 | has | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | hitherto | hitherto | ADV | _ | 12 preservative | advmod |
| 9 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 12 preservative | cop |
| 10 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 12 preservative | det |
| 11 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 preservative | amod |
| 12 | preservative | preservative | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 has | obj |
| 13 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 19 has | punct |
| 14 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 19 has | cc |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 spread | det |
| 16 | spread | spread | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 has | nsubj |
| 17 | of | of | ADP | _ | 18 education | case |
| 18 | education | education | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 spread | nmod |
| 19 | has | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 has | parataxis |
| 20 | to | to | ADP | _ | 23 extent | case |
| 21 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 23 extent | det |
| 22 | considerable | considerable | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 extent | amod |
| 23 | extent | extent | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 has | obl |
| 24 | impaired | impair | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 23 extent | acl |
| 25 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 27 sentiment | det |
| 26 | kindly | kindly | ADV | _ | 27 sentiment | advmod |
| 27 | sentiment | sentiment | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 impaired | obj |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 progress | punct |
| 29 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 31 progress | cc |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 progress | det |
| 31 | progress | progress | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 has | parataxis |
| 32 | of | of | ADP | _ | 34 farming | case |
| 33 | scientific | scientific | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 34 farming | amod |
| 34 | farming | farming | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 progress | nmod |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 38 anxiety | punct |
| 36 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 38 anxiety | cc |
| 37 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 38 anxiety | det |
| 38 | anxiety | anxiety | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 progress | conj |
| 39 | of | of | ADP | _ | 43 Academy | case |
| 40 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 43 Academy | det |
| 41 | Royal | Royal | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 43 Academy | amod |
| 42 | Irish | Irish | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 43 Academy | amod |
| 43 | Academy | Academy | PROPN | Number=Sing | 38 anxiety | nmod |
| 44 | to | to | PART | _ | 45 collect | mark |
| 45 | collect | collect | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 38 anxiety | advcl |
| 46 | antiquarian | antiquarian | NOUN | Number=Sing | 47 trifles | compound |
| 47 | trifles | trifle | NOUN | Number=Plur | 45 collect | obj |
| 48 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 51 led | punct |
| 49 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 51 led | aux |
| 50 | already | already | ADV | _ | 51 led | advmod |
| 51 | led | lead | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 31 progress | acl |
| 52 | to | to | ADP | _ | 55 destruction | case |
| 53 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 55 destruction | det |
| 54 | reckless | reckless | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 55 destruction | amod |
| 55 | destruction | destruction | NOUN | Number=Sing | 51 led | obl |
| 56 | of | of | ADP | _ | 58 many | case |
| 57 | too | too | ADV | _ | 58 many | advmod |
| 58 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 55 destruction | nmod |
| 59 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 has | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | present | the instinctive reverence of the peasantry | the progress of scientific farming and the anxiety of the Royal Irish Academy parataxis | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | is a | participle | a great preservative | hitherto property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | have | present | the spread of education | to a considerable extent | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 4 | impair | participle | a considerable extent not said here | this sentiment | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus sentiment=Experiencer | ||||
| 5 | collect | to-infinitive | the instinctive reverence of the peasantry not said here | antiquarian trifles | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent trifle=Theme | ||||
| 6 | lead | present · perfect | the progress of scientific farming and the anxiety of the Royal Irish Academy not said here | to the reckless destruction of many | vn result-27.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Precondition to destruction=Patient | ||||
| 7 | reverence | the peasantry | nom reverence «feeling transitive»: of=patient | ||||||
| 8 | spread | education | nom spread «event transitive»: of=patient | ||||||
| 9 | progress | scientific farming | nom progress «act intransitive»: of=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Project Gutenberg book 8109 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8109/1/61/