Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., part 2, sentence 11
It is this poetic literature which constitutes the stumbling-block, as it constitutes also the glory, of early Irish history, for it cannot be rejected and it cannot be retained.
Who acts: history, poetic literature · What happens: be, constitute, not reject, not retain · To what, where: poetic literature, stumbling block, glory, history
This is a sentence of «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (history, poetic literature), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 literature | nsubj |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 literature | cop |
| 3 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 5 literature | det |
| 4 | poetic | poetic | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 literature | amod |
| 5 | literature | literature | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 6 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 7 constitutes | nsubj |
| 7 | constitutes | constitute | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 literature | acl:relcl |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 block | det |
| 9 | stumbling | stumbling | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 block | compound |
| 10 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 9 stumbling | punct |
| 11 | block | block | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 constitutes | obj |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 constitutes | punct |
| 13 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 15 constitutes | mark |
| 14 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 constitutes | nsubj |
| 15 | constitutes | constitute | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 constitutes | conj |
| 16 | also | also | ADV | _ | 18 glory | advmod |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 glory | det |
| 18 | glory | glory | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 constitutes | obj |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 history | punct |
| 20 | of | of | ADP | _ | 23 history | case |
| 21 | early | early | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 history | amod |
| 22 | Irish | Irish | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 history | amod |
| 23 | history | history | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 constitutes | obl |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 rejected | punct |
| 25 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 30 rejected | mark |
| 26 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 30 rejected | nsubj:pass |
| 27 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 30 rejected | aux |
| 28 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 30 rejected | advmod |
| 29 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 30 rejected | aux:pass |
| 30 | rejected | reject | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 15 constitutes | advcl |
| 31 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 36 retained | cc |
| 32 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 36 retained | nsubj:pass |
| 33 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 36 retained | aux |
| 34 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 36 retained | advmod |
| 35 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 36 retained | aux:pass |
| 36 | retained | retain | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 30 rejected | conj |
| 37 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 literature | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | history | this poetic literature | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | constitute | present | this poetic literature | the stumbling block | vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme block=Pivot | ||||
| 3 | constitute | present | history | the glory | of early Irish history | vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme glory=Pivot | |||
| 4 | not reject | can · passive | history | vn reject-77.2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | |||||
| 5 | not retain | can · passive | history | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Project Gutenberg book 8109 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8109/2/11/