Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., part 2, sentence 73
When bards illuminated with stories and marvellous circumstances the battle of Clontarf and the battle of Moyrath, we may believe their predecessors to have done the same for the earlier centuries.
Who acts: bards, we · What happens: illuminate, believe, do, battle · To what, where: battle, predecessors, same, Clontarf, Moyrath · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (bards, we), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | When | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 3 illuminated | advmod |
| 2 | bards | bard | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 illuminated | nsubj |
| 3 | illuminated | illuminate | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 21 believe | advcl |
| 4 | with | with | ADP | _ | 5 stories | case |
| 5 | stories | story | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 illuminated | obl |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 8 circumstances | cc |
| 7 | marvellous | marvellous | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 circumstances | amod |
| 8 | circumstances | circumstance | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 stories | conj |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 battle | det |
| 10 | battle | battle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 illuminated | obj |
| 11 | of | of | ADP | _ | 12 Clontarf | case |
| 12 | Clontarf | Clontarf | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 battle | nmod |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 battle | cc |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 battle | det |
| 15 | battle | battle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 battle | conj |
| 16 | of | of | ADP | _ | 17 Moyrath | case |
| 17 | Moyrath | Moyrath | PROPN | Number=Sing | 15 battle | nmod |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 illuminated | punct |
| 19 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 21 believe | nsubj |
| 20 | may | may | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 21 believe | aux |
| 21 | believe | believe | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 22 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 23 predecessors | nmod:poss |
| 23 | predecessors | predecessor | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 believe | obj |
| 24 | to | to | PART | _ | 26 done | mark |
| 25 | have | have | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 26 done | aux |
| 26 | done | do | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 21 believe | ccomp |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 same | det |
| 28 | same | same | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 done | obj |
| 29 | for | for | ADP | _ | 32 centuries | case |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 32 centuries | det |
| 31 | earlier | early | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 32 centuries | amod |
| 32 | centuries | century | NOUN | Number=Plur | 26 done | obl |
| 33 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 21 believe | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | illuminate | participle | bards | the battle of Clontarf and the battle of Moyrath | with stories and marvellous circumstances | vn illustrate-25.3 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent battle=Destination with story=Theme | |||
| 2 | believe | may | we | bards's predecessors | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | do | to-infinitive · perfect | the same | century | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent same=Eventuality | ||||
| 4 | battle | Clontarf | nom battle «act transitive»: of=patient | ||||||
| 5 | battle | Moyrath | nom battle «act transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Project Gutenberg book 8109 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8109/2/73/