Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., part 2, sentence 75
It is, therefore, a reasonable conclusion that the bardic literature, where it reveals a clear sequence in the order of events, and where there is no antecedent improbability, supplies a trustworthy guide to the general course of our history.
Who acts: absence, antecedent improbability · What happens: be, reveal, supply, order · To what, where: reasonable conclusion, clear sequence, order, trustworthy guide, general course, events
This is a sentence of «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (absence, antecedent improbability), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 conclusion | nsubj |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 conclusion | cop |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 is | punct |
| 4 | therefore | therefore | ADV | _ | 8 conclusion | advmod |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 therefore | punct |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 8 conclusion | det |
| 7 | reasonable | reasonable | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 conclusion | amod |
| 8 | conclusion | conclusion | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 9 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 12 literature | mark |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 literature | det |
| 11 | bardic | bardic | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 literature | amod |
| 12 | literature | literature | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 conclusion | acl |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 reveals | punct |
| 14 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 16 reveals | advmod |
| 15 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 reveals | nsubj |
| 16 | reveals | reveal | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 conclusion | parataxis |
| 17 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 19 sequence | det |
| 18 | clear | clear | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 sequence | amod |
| 19 | sequence | sequence | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 reveals | obj |
| 20 | in | in | ADP | _ | 22 order | case |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 order | det |
| 22 | order | order | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 reveals | obl |
| 23 | of | of | ADP | _ | 24 events | case |
| 24 | events | event | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 order | nmod |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 supplies | punct |
| 26 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 34 supplies | cc |
| 27 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 29 is | advmod |
| 28 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 29 is | expl |
| 29 | is | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 34 supplies | advcl |
| 30 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 32 improbability | det |
| 31 | antecedent | antecedent | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 32 improbability | amod |
| 32 | improbability | improbability | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 is | nsubj |
| 33 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 is | punct |
| 34 | supplies | supply | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 16 reveals | conj |
| 35 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 37 guide | det |
| 36 | trustworthy | trustworthy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 37 guide | amod |
| 37 | guide | guide | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 supplies | obj |
| 38 | to | to | ADP | _ | 41 course | case |
| 39 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 41 course | det |
| 40 | general | general | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 41 course | amod |
| 41 | course | course | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 supplies | obl |
| 42 | of | of | ADP | _ | 44 history | case |
| 43 | our | our | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 44 history | nmod:poss |
| 44 | history | history | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 course | nmod |
| 45 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 conclusion | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | absence | a reasonable conclusion | the bardic literature acl; therefore property | tree rules | |||
| 2 | reveal | present | absence | a clear sequence | the order of events | vn confess-37.10 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sequence=Topic | |||
| 3 | be | present | no antecedent improbability | there | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 4 | supply | present | absence not said here | a trustworthy guide | the general course of our history | vn fulfilling-13.4.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent guide=Theme to course=Recipient | |||
| 5 | order | events | nom order «communication transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Project Gutenberg book 8109 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8109/2/75/