Legends of the Northwest, The Legend., sentence 26
In the moon Magâ-o-Kâda, [71] twice an hundred years ago-- Ere the "Black Robe's" [a] sacred shadow stalked the prairies' pathless snow Down the swollen, rushing river, in the sunset's golden hues, From the hunt of bear and beaver came the band in swift canoes.
Who acts: sacred shadow, Ere, prairies · What happens: stalk, rush, come, snow · To what, where: pathless snow, moon
This is a sentence of «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, The Legend.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sacred shadow, Ere, prairies), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 3 moon | case |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 moon | det |
| 3 | moon | moon | NOUN | Number=Sing | 58 came | obl |
| 4 | Magâ | Magâ | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 moon | appos |
| 5 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 8 Kâda | punct |
| 6 | o | of | ADP | Abbr=Yes | 8 Kâda | case |
| 7 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 6 o | punct |
| 8 | Kâda | Kâda | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 Magâ | conj |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 71 | punct |
| 10 | [ | [ | PUNCT | _ | 11 71 | punct |
| 11 | 71 | 71 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 4 Magâ | nmod:unmarked |
| 12 | ] | ] | PUNCT | _ | 11 71 | punct |
| 13 | twice | twice | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Mult | 15 hundred | advmod |
| 14 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 15 hundred | det |
| 15 | hundred | hundred | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 16 years | nummod |
| 16 | years | year | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 ago | obl:unmarked |
| 17 | ago | ago | ADV | _ | 3 moon | advmod |
| 18 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 3 moon | punct |
| 19 | Ere | Ere | PROPN | Number=Sing | 58 came | nsubj |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 58 came | det |
| 21 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 58 came | punct |
| 22 | Black | Black | PROPN | Number=Sing | 23 Robe | compound |
| 23 | Robe | Robe | PROPN | Number=Sing | 58 came | nmod:poss |
| 24 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 23 Robe | case |
| 25 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 58 came | punct |
| 26 | [ | [ | PUNCT | _ | 31 stalked | punct |
| 27 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 30 shadow | det |
| 28 | ] | ] | PUNCT | _ | 27 a | punct |
| 29 | sacred | sacred | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 30 shadow | amod |
| 30 | shadow | shadow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 stalked | nsubj |
| 31 | stalked | stalk | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 58 came | advcl |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 33 prairies | det |
| 33 | prairies | prairie | NOUN | Number=Plur | 36 snow | nmod:poss |
| 34 | ' | 's | PART | _ | 33 prairies | case |
| 35 | pathless | pathless | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 36 snow | amod |
| 36 | snow | snow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 stalked | obj |
| 37 | Down | down | ADP | _ | 42 river | case |
| 38 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 42 river | det |
| 39 | swollen | swollen | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 42 river | amod |
| 40 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 41 rushing | punct |
| 41 | rushing | rush | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 42 river | amod |
| 42 | river | river | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 stalked | obl |
| 43 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 49 hues | punct |
| 44 | in | in | ADP | _ | 49 hues | case |
| 45 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 46 sunset | det |
| 46 | sunset | sunset | NOUN | Number=Sing | 49 hues | nmod:poss |
| 47 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 46 sunset | case |
| 48 | golden | golden | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 49 hues | amod |
| 49 | hues | hue | NOUN | Number=Plur | 58 came | nsubj |
| 50 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 53 hunt | punct |
| 51 | From | from | ADP | _ | 53 hunt | case |
| 52 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 53 hunt | det |
| 53 | hunt | hunt | NOUN | Number=Sing | 49 hues | appos |
| 54 | of | of | ADP | _ | 55 bear | case |
| 55 | bear | bear | NOUN | Number=Sing | 53 hunt | nmod |
| 56 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 57 beaver | cc |
| 57 | beaver | beaver | NOUN | Number=Sing | 55 bear | conj |
| 58 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 59 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 60 band | det |
| 60 | band | band | NOUN | Number=Sing | 58 came | nsubj |
| 61 | in | in | ADP | _ | 63 canoes | case |
| 62 | swift | swift | NOUN | Number=Sing | 63 canoes | compound |
| 63 | canoes | canoe | NOUN | Number=Plur | 60 band | nmod |
| 64 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 58 came | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | stalk | past | a sacred shadow | the prairies's pathless snow | down the swollen rushing river | vn stalk-35.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent snow=Theme | |||
| 2 | rush | gerund | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 3 | come | past | Ere | the moon | Black Robe nmod:poss; the sunset's golden hues nsubj; the band in swift canoes nsubj | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in moon=Location | |||
| 4 | snow | the prairies | nom snow «phenomenon intransitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, Project Gutenberg book 8122 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8122/17/26/