Legends of the Northwest, The Game of Ball. [2], sentence 32
The bow he bent was a giant's bow; The swift red elk could he overtake, And the necklace that girdled his brawny neck Was the polished claws of the great Mató [14] He grappled and slew in the northern snow.
Who acts: Cloud, bow, swift red elk, necklace · What happens: bend, be, overtake, girdle, polish, grapple · To what, where: bow, brawny neck, necklace, northern snow
This is a sentence of «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, The Game of Ball. [2]. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Cloud, bow, swift red elk, necklace), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 bow | det |
| 2 | bow | bow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 bow | nsubj |
| 3 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 bent | nsubj |
| 4 | bent | bend | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 bow | acl:relcl |
| 5 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 bow | cop |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 giant | det |
| 7 | giant | giant | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 bow | nmod:poss |
| 8 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 7 giant | case |
| 9 | bow | bow | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 10 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 17 overtake | punct |
| 11 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 elk | det |
| 12 | swift | swift | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 elk | amod |
| 13 | red | red | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 elk | amod |
| 14 | elk | elk | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 overtake | nsubj |
| 15 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 17 overtake | aux |
| 16 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 17 overtake | nsubj |
| 17 | overtake | overtake | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 9 bow | conj |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 polished | punct |
| 19 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 29 polished | cc |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 necklace | det |
| 21 | necklace | necklace | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 polished | nsubj:pass |
| 22 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 23 girdled | nsubj |
| 23 | girdled | girdle | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 21 necklace | acl:relcl |
| 24 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 26 neck | nmod:poss |
| 25 | brawny | brawny | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 neck | amod |
| 26 | neck | neck | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 girdled | obj |
| 27 | Was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 29 polished | aux:pass |
| 28 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 polished | det |
| 29 | polished | polish | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 17 overtake | parataxis |
| 30 | claws | claw | NOUN | Number=Plur | 29 polished | obj |
| 31 | of | of | ADP | _ | 34 Mató | case |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 Mató | det |
| 33 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 34 Mató | amod |
| 34 | Mató | Mató | PROPN | Number=Sing | 30 claws | nmod |
| 35 | [ | [ | PUNCT | _ | 36 14 | punct |
| 36 | 14 | 14 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 34 Mató | appos |
| 37 | ] | ] | PUNCT | _ | 36 14 | punct |
| 38 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 39 grappled | nsubj |
| 39 | grappled | grapple | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 29 polished | advcl |
| 40 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 41 slew | cc |
| 41 | slew | slay | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 39 grappled | conj |
| 42 | in | in | ADP | _ | 45 snow | case |
| 43 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 45 snow | det |
| 44 | northern | northern | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 45 snow | amod |
| 45 | snow | snow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 slew | obl |
| 46 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 9 bow | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | bend | past | Cloud | the bow not said here | vn knead-26.5 «NP V NP.material»: agent=Agent bow=Material | ||||
| 2 | is a | past | the bow | a giant's bow | a giant nmod:poss | tree rules | |||
| 3 | overtake | could | the swift red elk | Cloud nsubj | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | girdle | past | the necklace | Cloud's brawny neck | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | polish | past · passive | the necklace | claws of the great Mató obj | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | grapple | past | Cloud | vn cope-83-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 7 | slay | past | Cloud not said here | the northern snow | vn murder-42.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, Project Gutenberg book 8122 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8122/6/32/