In Ghostly Japan, Story of a Tengu[1], sentence 45
Sâriputra he saw, and Kâsyapa, and Ânanda, with all the disciples of the Tathâgata,—and the Kings of the Devas,—and the Kings of the Four Directions, like pillars of fire,—and the great Dragon-Kings,—and the Gandharvas and Garudas,—and the Gods of the Sun and the Moon and the Wind,—and the shining myriads of Brahmâ’s heaven.
Who acts: Sâriputra · What happens: see, shine · To what, where: Kâsyapa
This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Story of a Tengu[1]. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Sâriputra), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Sâriputra | Sâriputra | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 saw | nsubj |
| 2 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 saw | nsubj |
| 3 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 Kâsyapa | punct |
| 5 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 6 Kâsyapa | cc |
| 6 | Kâsyapa | Kâsyapa | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 saw | obj |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 Ânanda | punct |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 Ânanda | cc |
| 9 | Ânanda | Ânanda | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 Kâsyapa | conj |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 disciples | punct |
| 11 | with | with | ADP | _ | 14 disciples | case |
| 12 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 14 disciples | det:predet |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 disciples | det |
| 14 | disciples | disciple | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 saw | obj |
| 15 | of | of | ADP | _ | 17 Tathâgata | case |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 Tathâgata | det |
| 17 | Tathâgata | Tathâgata | PROPN | Number=Sing | 14 disciples | nmod |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 Kings | punct |
| 19 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 22 Kings | punct |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 Kings | cc |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 Kings | det |
| 22 | Kings | King | PROPN | Number=Plur | 17 Tathâgata | appos |
| 23 | of | of | ADP | _ | 25 Devas | case |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 Devas | det |
| 25 | Devas | Deva | PROPN | Number=Plur | 22 Kings | nmod |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 Kings | punct |
| 27 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 30 Kings | punct |
| 28 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 30 Kings | cc |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 Kings | det |
| 30 | Kings | King | PROPN | Number=Plur | 17 Tathâgata | appos |
| 31 | of | of | ADP | _ | 34 Directions | case |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 Directions | det |
| 33 | Four | four | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 34 Directions | nummod |
| 34 | Directions | direction | NOUN | Number=Plur | 30 Kings | nmod |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 37 pillars | punct |
| 36 | like | like | ADP | _ | 37 pillars | case |
| 37 | pillars | pillar | NOUN | Number=Plur | 34 Directions | conj |
| 38 | of | of | ADP | _ | 39 fire | case |
| 39 | fire | fire | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 pillars | nmod |
| 40 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 Kings | punct |
| 41 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 47 Kings | punct |
| 42 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 47 Kings | cc |
| 43 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 47 Kings | det |
| 44 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 47 Kings | amod |
| 45 | Dragon | Dragon | PROPN | Number=Sing | 47 Kings | compound |
| 46 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 45 Dragon | punct |
| 47 | Kings | king | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 disciples | conj |
| 48 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 52 Gandharvas | punct |
| 49 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 52 Gandharvas | punct |
| 50 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 52 Gandharvas | cc |
| 51 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 52 Gandharvas | det |
| 52 | Gandharvas | Gandharvas | PROPN | Number=Sing | 47 Kings | nmod |
| 53 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 54 Garudas | cc |
| 54 | Garudas | Garudas | PROPN | Number=Sing | 52 Gandharvas | conj |
| 55 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 59 Gods | punct |
| 56 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 59 Gods | punct |
| 57 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 59 Gods | cc |
| 58 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 59 Gods | det |
| 59 | Gods | God | PROPN | Number=Plur | 52 Gandharvas | appos |
| 60 | of | of | ADP | _ | 62 Sun | case |
| 61 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 62 Sun | det |
| 62 | Sun | Sun | PROPN | Number=Sing | 59 Gods | nmod |
| 63 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 65 Moon | cc |
| 64 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 65 Moon | det |
| 65 | Moon | Moon | PROPN | Number=Sing | 62 Sun | conj |
| 66 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 68 Wind | cc |
| 67 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 68 Wind | det |
| 68 | Wind | Wind | PROPN | Number=Sing | 62 Sun | conj |
| 69 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 74 myriads | punct |
| 70 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 74 myriads | punct |
| 71 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 74 myriads | cc |
| 72 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 74 myriads | det |
| 73 | shining | shine | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 74 myriads | amod |
| 74 | myriads | myriad | NOUN | Number=Plur | 47 Kings | conj |
| 75 | of | of | ADP | _ | 78 heaven | case |
| 76 | Brahmâ | Brahmâ | PROPN | Number=Sing | 78 heaven | nmod:poss |
| 77 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 76 Brahmâ | case |
| 78 | heaven | heaven | NOUN | Number=Sing | 74 myriads | nmod |
| 79 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 saw | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | see | past | Sâriputra | Kâsyapa and Ânanda | all disciples of the Tathâgata and the great Dragon Kings the Gandharvas and Garudas and the shining myriads of Brahmâ's heaven obj | tree rules | |||
| 2 | shine | gerund | vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/27/45/